01-10-2016, 03:15 PM
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ABSTRACT:
Purchasing and Shopping at big malls is becoming daily activity in metro cities. We can see big rush at these malls on holidays and weekends. This crowd becomes huge when there are special offers and discount. People purchase different items and put them in trolley. After total purchase one need to go to billing counter for payments. At billing counter the cashier prepare the bill using bar code reader which is very time consuming process and results in long queue at billing counter.
Our aim is to develop the system which can be used in shopping malls to solve the problem mentioned above. An embedded system will be placed on trolleys in the mall. It will consist of RFID reader. All the items in the mall will be equipped with RFID tags. When person put any item in the trolley its code will be detected and the price of that item will be stored in memory. As we put the items the costs will get added to total. Thus the billing will be done at the trolley itself. Item name and its cost will be displayed on LCD. For detecting different items RFID reader will be used. LCD used will be 16X2 alphanumeric displays. It will be used to display item names, item cost etc.
At the billing Counter the total bill data will be transferred to PC by wireless RF modules.
I. INTRODUCTION
Innovation in communication and information technologies have caused a revolution in values, knowledge and perceptions in practically all areas of human understanding, deeply carving the so-called “Age of Information and Knowledge”. Human beings have invented/adopted technology to their needs since their existence. Main purpose of innovation in technology, irrespective of the domain, has been in simplifying life on earth or making everyday‟s work easier and faster. One regular task that human beings spend considerable amount of time is in shopping. According to a survey conducted by US Bureau of Labour [10], on an average, human beings spend 1.4 hours every day on shopping. A survey done by Visa in 2005[11], points out that an amazing 70% customers will walk out of a queue if the line is too long, and 10% are “seriously annoyed” the moment they step in a queue. Further, according to a study conducted by CISCO Internet Business Solution Group [12], the top four reasons for shoppers to use technology are to (i) Find best price (63%), (ii) Save time (47%), (iii) Find best assortment (26%) and (iv) find best quality (25%). The current scenario on shopping classifies it into two categories (1) Shopping in-person and (2) Shopping in absentia. Shopping in absentia is facilitated in multiple ways including, internet shopping, tele-shopping, etc. wherein a shopper does not have to be physically present in the shopping area. Shopping in-person typically involves a personal visit to the place of shopping and selecting the product/s based on various parameters including need, convenience, brand, discount/offer, etc. The proposed system intends to assist shopping in person that will minimize the time spent in shopping as well as intended to aid the store management with real-time updates on the inventory. The emergence of new technologies, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and wireless networks, makes the shopping processes faster, transparent and efficient. Our aim is to develop an intelligent shopping cart (embedded system) which can be used in shopping malls to solve the problem mentioned above. The Intelligent Shopping Cart is equipped with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for product identification and a consistent Wi-Fi connection with the shop‟s server. Besides, it also has an LCD display that informs customers about product prices, discounts, offers and the total bill. As soon as the object is dropped into or removed from the cart, the RFID tag identifies the product and updates the bill. When the customer is done with shopping, he can just press the „End shopping‟ button and the details are sent to the shop‟s server and the customer has to pay just the amount and leave. “This shopping cart will change the way people shop as radically as ATM‟s changed banking.” The proposed cart is easy to use and does not need any special training. The cart‟s inbuilt automatic billing system makes shopping a breeze and has other positive spin-offs such as freeing staff from repetitive checkout scanning, reducing total number of staffs required and increasing operational efficiency of the
Raju Kumar1, K. Gopalakrishna2, K. Ramesha3 system. In this paper, we discuss the System Design, Implementation, Testing, and Conclusions. In conclusions we also discuss about opportunities of improving the proposed system to make it into a commercially viable product as an excellent way to help customers reduce the time spent in shopping by displaying the list of products, their cost, the best deals/rates on the products and automatic billing. The system helps the store management with an automatic update of the inventory on every purchase of an item Intelligent shopping cart (proposed system) has the potential to make shopping more pleasurable and efficient for the shopper and the inventory control easier for the store management. Intelligent shopping cart (proposed system) has the potential to make shopping more pleasurable and efficient for the shopper and the inventory control easier for the store management. The remainder of this paper is organised as follows. The related work is discussed in chapter 2. Chapter 3 details our proposed model. Chapter 4 includes algorithm & flowchart. Results are shown and discussed in chapter 5.Chapter 6 draws the conclusions.
II. RELATED WORK:
While doing survey we found that most of the people prefer to leave the shopping mall instead of waiting in long queues to buy a few products. People find it difficult to locate the product they wanted to buy, after selecting product they need to stand in a long queue for billing and payment. To try to solve the problems previously identified, recent years have seen the appearance of several technological solutions for hypermarket assistance. All such solutions share the same objectives: save consumer‟s time and money, help the retailers to win loyal clients. Satoru Uehara et. al., [14] defined the Web shopping cart system as a typical client-server application on the Web. Then they clarified several problems on the implementation of the Web shopping cart system, which are peculiar to the Web. In order to solve the problems, He proposed a new mechanism that can manage user sessions with high reliability and safety. He compared the Web shopping cart system implemented using the proposed mechanism with the one developed by the conventional methods. Chihhsiong Shih, et al., [13] proposed an automatic embedded software generation framework that can create and evolve Zigbee applications. The framework consists of two major modules, pattern extraction and code generation. Pattern extraction and development are designed to provide Zigbee application with model reuse and modification. SysML serves as a medium between pattern development and code generation. State diagrams, class diagrams and sequence diagram help describes a specific application scenario. A smart shopping cart application has been implemented using this pattern based software framework.
III. PROPOSED MODEL
Here, we discuss a novel product “Intelligent Shopping Cart” being developed to assist a person in everyday shopping in terms of reduced time spent while purchasing a product at the best price available. The main objective of this is to provide a technology oriented, low-cost, easily scalable, and rugged system for assisting shopping in-person. The developed system consists of 3 key components/modules (a) Server Communication component (SCC) (b) User Interface and display component (UIDC), and © Automatic billing and Inventory management component (ABIMC). SCC establishes and maintains the connection of the shopping cart with the main server. UIDC provides the user interface and ABIMC handles the billing and inventory management in association with the SCC. These 3 modules are integrated into an embedded system and are tested to satisfy the functionality. The main technological objective for our presented solution is the usage of RFID technology for the automatic product identification inside the shopping cart thus eliminating consumer intervention in the process of product reading for payment. Nowadays, the usage of barcode for product identification presents several limitations: only the product‟s class is identified; information is static; allows one single reading at a time; requires line-of sight; has low range and security. RFID technology is more resistant, safer, identifies products in a unique way, can provide other types of information, can make several simultaneous readings, doesn‟t need line-of-sight and it has a high range. So that automatic product identification is possible all existing products inside the supermarket need to be identified with RFID tags and each shopping cart must have an RFID reader. The range of the RIFD reader must not extend beyond the horizontal shopping cart limits so that reading products inside other shopping carts or on shelves does not happen. Nevertheless, range cannot be less than the cart‟s limits with consequence of not identifying products that are inside the shopping cart but out of the reader‟s range. Vertically, the reader should be able to identify products down to the floor, since there are shopping carts where you can place products from 20 cm above the ground and to about 1,5 m higher than the handle bar since there are both tall products and excessively filled carts. The RFID reader should be able to read all the tags no matter the material (paper, plastic, metal, etc) they are inserted into. By suggesting a single RFID reader per cart, we are thinking not only in terms of costs, battery duration and data quantity but also in preventing colliding readings in cases when more than one reader is used, something which increases the complexity level. The usage of RFIDs in this system comprehend benefits such as increasing safety and the consequent reduction in product loss, reduced human intervention and error, increased speed in involved processes, unique identification of products with additional information and availability of real time information, amongst others. Besides the advantage of accessing real-time information about the diverse products inside the shopping cart, the client can also be helped by the navigation system, meaning that they can be guided through the supermarket avoiding time losses that occur when searching for products in unknown locations. Through the interactive map that shows product location and the shopping cart‟s current position, it is then possible to follow the route indicated by the map to reach the desired product. There will be immediate updates of the cart‟s position any time it is moved by the consumer. To make this possible, a shopping cart positioning technology is required in several Supermarket locations so that the permanent monitoring enables real-time cart position updates. The choice of a positioning technology to our solution is particularly difficult because of the diverse characteristics each technology presents. Aspects such as range, energy consumption, safety, precision, amongst others, are important for our solution. Yet, the optimal characteristics are not gathered in one single technology, Because of this, we have chosen to identify the requisites our solution demands and to suggest the technologies most likely to serve its purposes