29-09-2010, 10:53 AM
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ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (OLED)
ABSTRACT
During the last two decades, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted considerable interest owing to their promising applications in flat-panel displays by replacing cathode ray tubes (CRTs) or liquid crystal displays (LCDs).
Electroluminescence is the emission of light from materials in an electric field, and in the 1960s this phenomenon was observed from single crystals of anthracene. Despite the high quantum efficiency obtained with such organic crystals, no application has emerged owing to the high working voltage required as a result of the large crystal thickness and poor electrical contact quality. Nevertheless, these studies have led to a good understanding of the basic physical processes involved in organic electroluminescence, i.e. charge injection, charge transportation, exciton formation and light emission.
The need for new lightweight, low-power, wide viewing angled, handheld portable communication devices have pushed the display industry to revisit the current flat-panel digital display technology used for mobile applications.
A first breakthrough was achieved in 1987 by Tang and Van Slyke from Kodak when they reported efficient and low-voltage OLEDs from p-n heterostructure devices using thin films of vapour-deposited organic materials.
Struggling to meet the needs of demanding applications such as e-books, smart networked household appliances, identity management cards, and display-centric handheld mobile imaging devices, the flat panel industry is now looking at new displays known as Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED).
Electroluminescence is the emission of light from materials in an electric field, and in the 1960s this phenomenon was observed from single crystals of anthracene. Despite the high quantum efficiency obtained with such organic crystals, no application has emerged owing to the high working voltage required as a result of the large crystal thickness and poor electrical contact quality. Nevertheless, these studies have led to a good understanding of the basic physical processes involved in organic electroluminescence, i.e. charge injection, charge transportation, exciton formation and light emission.
The need for new lightweight, low-power, wide viewing angled, handheld portable communication devices have pushed the display industry to revisit the current flat-panel digital display technology used for mobile applications.
A first breakthrough was achieved in 1987 by Tang and Van Slyke from Kodak when they reported efficient and low-voltage OLEDs from p-n heterostructure devices using thin films of vapour-deposited organic materials.
Struggling to meet the needs of demanding applications such as e-books, smart networked household appliances, identity management cards, and display-centric handheld mobile imaging devices, the flat panel industry is now looking at new displays known as Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED).