02-03-2011, 03:42 PM
presented by:
Pritam Kumat
WSN.pptx (Size: 2.02 MB / Downloads: 81)
Wireless Sensor Networks
Introduction
WSN are used to collect data from the environment
Consists of sensors which are distributed in an ad hoc manner
Monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants
Comparison with ad hoc networks
Use broadcast communication while ad hoc networks use point-to-point
Sensor nodes may not have global ID because of the large amount of overhead and large number of sensors
Architecture
Characteristic of Wireless Sensor Network
Unique characteristics of a WSN include:
Limited power they can harvest or store
Ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions
Ability to cope with node failures
Dynamic network topology
Large scale of deployment
Unattended operation
Small-scale sensor nodes
Routing Techniques
Sensor Node
Characteristic
Small physical size and low power consumption
Concurrency-intensive operation
What are motes?
Motes mainly consist of three parts:-
Consists of a low cost and power computer.
The computer monitors one or more sensors.
Sensors may be for temperature, light, sound, position, acceleration, vibration, stress, weight, pressure, humidity, etc.
The computer connects to the outside world with a radio link.
WSN node components
Low-power processor.
Limited processing.
Memory.
Limited storage.
Radio.
Low-power.
Low data rate.
Limited range.
Sensors.
Scalar sensors: temperature, light, etc.
Cameras, microphones.
Power.
Mote Architecture
A very low cost low power computer
Monitors one or more sensors
A Radio Link to the outside world
Are the building blocks of Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensors
Mica Motes
Mica Mote:
Processor: 4Mhz , 8 bit
Memory: 128KB Flash and 4KB RAM
Radio: 916Mhz and 40Kbits/second.
Transmission range: 200 Feet
operating System: small, open source and energy efficient. E.g. TinyOS,EYEOS
One Example Sensor Board - MTS310
Hardware Setup Overview
WSN Applications
Environmental/Habitat monitoring
Area monitoring
Vehicle Detection
Military surveillance
Agriculture
Medical monitoring
Power monitoring
Vehicle sensoring
FireBug
Wildfire Instrumentation System Using Networked Sensors
Firebugs: GPS-enabled, wireless thermal sensor motes based on TinyOS that self-organize into networks for collecting real time data in wild fire environments
Software architecture: Several interacting layers (Sensors, Processing of sensor data, Command center)
Haitat Monitoring on Great Duck Island
Intel Research Laboratory at Berkeley initiated a collaboration with the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor and the University of California at Berkeley to deploy wireless sensor networks on Great Duck Island, Maine (in 2002)
Monitor the microclimates in and around nesting burrows used by the Leach's Storm Petrel
Sensors installed inside burrows
Goal : habitat monitoring kit for researchers worldwide
Advantages
1. It avoids hell lot of wiring.
2. It can accommodate new devices at any time.
3. Its flexible to go through physical partitions.
4. It can be accessed through a centralized monitor.
Pritam Kumat
WSN.pptx (Size: 2.02 MB / Downloads: 81)
Wireless Sensor Networks
Introduction
WSN are used to collect data from the environment
Consists of sensors which are distributed in an ad hoc manner
Monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants
Comparison with ad hoc networks
Use broadcast communication while ad hoc networks use point-to-point
Sensor nodes may not have global ID because of the large amount of overhead and large number of sensors
Architecture
Characteristic of Wireless Sensor Network
Unique characteristics of a WSN include:
Limited power they can harvest or store
Ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions
Ability to cope with node failures
Dynamic network topology
Large scale of deployment
Unattended operation
Small-scale sensor nodes
Routing Techniques
Sensor Node
Characteristic
Small physical size and low power consumption
Concurrency-intensive operation
What are motes?
Motes mainly consist of three parts:-
Consists of a low cost and power computer.
The computer monitors one or more sensors.
Sensors may be for temperature, light, sound, position, acceleration, vibration, stress, weight, pressure, humidity, etc.
The computer connects to the outside world with a radio link.
WSN node components
Low-power processor.
Limited processing.
Memory.
Limited storage.
Radio.
Low-power.
Low data rate.
Limited range.
Sensors.
Scalar sensors: temperature, light, etc.
Cameras, microphones.
Power.
Mote Architecture
A very low cost low power computer
Monitors one or more sensors
A Radio Link to the outside world
Are the building blocks of Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensors
Mica Motes
Mica Mote:
Processor: 4Mhz , 8 bit
Memory: 128KB Flash and 4KB RAM
Radio: 916Mhz and 40Kbits/second.
Transmission range: 200 Feet
operating System: small, open source and energy efficient. E.g. TinyOS,EYEOS
One Example Sensor Board - MTS310
Hardware Setup Overview
WSN Applications
Environmental/Habitat monitoring
Area monitoring
Vehicle Detection
Military surveillance
Agriculture
Medical monitoring
Power monitoring
Vehicle sensoring
FireBug
Wildfire Instrumentation System Using Networked Sensors
Firebugs: GPS-enabled, wireless thermal sensor motes based on TinyOS that self-organize into networks for collecting real time data in wild fire environments
Software architecture: Several interacting layers (Sensors, Processing of sensor data, Command center)
Haitat Monitoring on Great Duck Island
Intel Research Laboratory at Berkeley initiated a collaboration with the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor and the University of California at Berkeley to deploy wireless sensor networks on Great Duck Island, Maine (in 2002)
Monitor the microclimates in and around nesting burrows used by the Leach's Storm Petrel
Sensors installed inside burrows
Goal : habitat monitoring kit for researchers worldwide
Advantages
1. It avoids hell lot of wiring.
2. It can accommodate new devices at any time.
3. Its flexible to go through physical partitions.
4. It can be accessed through a centralized monitor.