12-03-2011, 12:36 PM
Wimax.doc (Size: 869.5 KB / Downloads: 78)
1.0 ABSTRACT
Today, all countries are looking for economic, cost-effective, easy, fast-to-deploy, and high-performance next generation type broadband solutions. Users need broadband services everywhere at affordable prices. WiMAX as globally accepted IMT-2000 Family standard brings a solution. Mobile WiMAX offers the full mobility of cellular networks at true broadband speeds. WiMAX offers a combination of both broadband and mobility. WiMAX enables the quadruple services. Currently there are more than more than 100 commercial WiMAX networks around the world. Intel is developing WiMAX chips for products. The new era of communication, currently employed in some parts of the world, is Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX). It is the latest technology which is approved by IEEE 802.16 group, which is a standard for point-to-multipoint wireless networking. Mobile WiMAX overcomes the limitations of the present wireless networks and accommodates the advantages of the system, and can ultimately provide the high speed wireless internet services with low lost at any time and in anyplace. Because Mobile WiMAX is very new technology, the research of Mobile WiMAX management is not studied and concerned deeply.
• make portable Internet a reality by extending public WLAN hotspots to metropolitan area coverage for mobile data-centric service delivery,
• connect enterprises and residential users in urban and suburban environments where access to copper plant is difficult,
• bridge the digital divide by delivering broadband in low-density areas.
Thanks to its innovative technology, the same radio technology will also offer high-speed
data services to all nomadic terminals (laptops, PDAs, etc.) with an optimized trade off between throughput and coverage. WiMAX will also enable end-users to benefit from an "Always Best Connected" experience when accessing their applications via the best
available network, at home, on the pause, or on the move.
2.0 Introduction:
WiMAX refers to interoperable implementations of the IEEE 802.16 wireless-networks standard (ratified by the WiMAX Forum), in similarity with Wi-Fi, which refers to interoperable implementations of the IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN standard (ratified by the Wi-Fi Alliance). The WiMAX Forum certification allows vendors to sell their equipment as WiMAX (Fixed or Mobile) certified, thus ensuring a level of interoperability with other certified products, as long as they fit the same profile.
The IEEE 802.16 standard forms the basis of 'WiMAX' and is sometimes referred to colloquially as "WiMAX", "Fixed WiMAX", "Mobile WiMAX", "802.16d" and "802.16e."[5] Clarification of the formal names are as follow:
• 802.16-2004 is also known as 802.16d, which refers to the working party that has developed that standard. It is sometimes referred to as "Fixed WiMAX," since it has no support for mobility.
• 802.16e-2005, often abbreviated to 802.16e, is an amendment to 802.16-2004. It introduced support for mobility, among other things and is therefore also known as "Mobile WiMAX".
Mobile WiMAX is the WiMAX incarnation that has the most commercial interest to date and is being actively deployed in many countries. Mobile WiMAX is also the basis of future revisions of WiMAX. Wimax make possible the broadband access to conservative cable or DSL lines. The working method of Wimax is little different from Wifi network, because Wifi computer can be connected via LAN card, router, or hotspot, while the connectivity of Wimax network constitutes of two parts in which one is Wimax Tower or booster also known as wimax base station and second is Wimax receiver (Wimax CPE) or Customer Premise Equipment.
Now the question comes to our attention, what is Wimax technology and how wimax technology works and why has it taken so long to appear in the marketplace? WiMax allows for more efficient bandwidth use, interference avoidance, and is intended to allow higher data rates over longer distances. The IEEE 802.16 standard defines the technical features of the communications protocol. The WiMAX Forum offers a means of testing manufacturer’s equipment for compatibility, as well as an industry group dedicated to fostering the development and commercialization of the technology. In the next five years, Wimax will have an enormous impact on the cellular markets particularly that of third-world countries, as well as that of the United States. The cost-effectiveness of WiMax to that of preexisting systems is much higher. The definition according to Wimax technology forum, an organization dedicated to promoting Wimax technology and specifications, According to WiMAX forum "Wimax Technology is a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL. Wimax Technology will provide fixed, nomadic, portable, and, eventually, mobile wireless broadband connectivity without the need for direct line-of-sight to a base station. In a typical cell radius deployment of 3 to 10 kilometers, Wimax Forum Certified systems can be expected to deliver capacity of up to 40 Mbps per channel, for fixed and portable access applications." (WiMax Forum, 2007)
In the Wimax terminology, portable access means you can access Wimax networks from different locations, but not necessarily while moving. Mobile Wimax is accessible while on the move.
2.1 WiMAX Technology (802.16) Overview
The 802.16 standard was first available on April 8, 2002 after two years in development. The Wimax Forum was formed in April of 2001 and established in June of 2001. This order might seem odd, but it's common to shape certification bodies before completing or passing a standard. The Wimax certification will certify that a technology is compliant with Wimax specifications not 802.16. This is because the Wimax Forum created a certification that is compatible with a portion of the 802.16 standard. Wimax certified hardware should be compatible with other Wimax certified hardware, but it is important to remember that Wimax certified hardware not necessarily compatible with 802.16 compliant hardware.
The founding organizations of the Wimax Forum included Wi-LAN, Ensemble, CossSpan, Harris, and Nokia. The OFDM Forum and Fujitsu joined in 2002. In 2003, Aperto, Alvarion, Airspan, Intel, Proxim, and others joined the group. At this time, the forum has over 200 members with representatives from service providers, system manufacturers, chip vendors, and business organizations. The major focus of this group is to provide interoperability between vendors' Wimax hardware. (Tom Carpenter, 2006)
In January 2005, at a Wimax conference called “Wimax: beyond the Hype,” Gordon Antonello clearly stated that
• There are no Wimax networks today.
• There are no Wimax form certified products available today.
• Wimax Forum certified testing will begin later this year in 2005.
• Vendors are shipping pre-Wimax products today.
WiMAX is the next-generation of wireless technology designed to enable pervasive, high-speed mobile Internet access to the widest array of devices including notebook PCs, handsets, smartphones, and consumer electronics such as gaming devices, cameras, camcorders, music players, and more. As the fourth generation (4G) of wireless technology, WiMAX delivers low-cost, open networks and is the first all IP mobile Internet solution enabling efficient and scalable networks for data, video, and voice. As a major driver in the support and development of WiMAX, Intel has designed embedded WiMAX solutions for a variety of mobile devices supporting the future of high-speed broadband on-the-go.
Laying the foundation for broad, cost-effective deployments, Intel is working to easily integrate Intel® WiMAX technology into complex designs and global networks, providing a standards-based foundation for ongoing product innovation.
• Building the mobile Internet with WiMAX
• Evolving WiMAX standards and interoperability
• WiMAX global carriers
Built for the future, Intel® WiMAX technology will allow you to connect in more places, more often, without being restricted to hotspots. When built into notebooks and mobile devices, you'll be able to extend your connected experience beyond Wi-Fi.
3.0 Design:
A Wimax technology network consists of two major components: a wimax base station and a subscriber station (wimax cpe). Wimax base stations provide connectivity to one or more subscriber stations and are implemented by service providers to provide Internet, voice, video or Wireless Area Network (WAN) link access.
These base stations are similar to Wi-Fi Access Points (APs) as they provide centralized access to back end connected networks. They use different standards than Wi-Fi, however, so the evaluation ends there. While subscriber stations are uniquely designed for 802.16 networks, the reality is that they provide a connection to the network and you can still route internal 802.11 devices through the 802.16 subscriber station for network access.