19-03-2011, 04:44 PM
PRESENTED BY
K.SWAPNA
dna based computers.ppt (Size: 1.44 MB / Downloads: 167)
DEFINITION
Need of DNA computer?
Moore’s Law states that silicon microprocessors double in complexity roughly every two years.
Require a successor to silicon.
FEATURERS OF DNA
What is DNA?
Source code to life
Instructions for building and regulating cells
Data store for genetic inheritance
Think of enzymes as hardware, DNA as software
What is DNA made of?
Composed of four nucleotides (+ sugar-phosphate backbone)
A – Adenine
T –Thymine
C – Cytosine
G – Guanine
Bond in pairs
A – T
C – G
Dense Information Storage
How enormous is the parallelism?
A test tube of DNA can contain trillions of strands. Each operation on a test tube of DNA is carried out on all strands in the tube in parallel !
Check this out……. We Typically use
Can DNA Compute?
DNA itself does not carry out any computation. It rather acts as a massive memory.
BUT, the way complementary bases react with each other can be used to compute things.
Proposed by Adelman in 1994
Technological Developments.
Evolution of the DNA computer
Began in 1994 when Dr. Leonard Adleman wrote the paper “Molecular computation of solutions to combinatorial problems”.
He then carried out this experiment successfully – although it took him days to do so!
DNA computers moved from test tubes onto gold plates.
First practical DNA computer unveiled in 2002. Used in gene analysis.
Self-powered DNA computer unveiled in 2003.
First programmable autonomous computing machine in which the input, output, software and hardware were all made of DNA molecules.
Can perform a billion operations per second with 99.8% accuracy.
Biological computer developed that could be used to fight cancers.
‘Designer DNA’ identifies abnormal and is attracted to it.
The Designer molecule then releases chemicals to inhibit its growth or even kill the malignant cells.
Successfully tested on animals.
DNA COMPUTER Vs SILICON COMPUTER
ADVANTAGES
LIMITATIONS
DNA computing involves a relatively large amount of error
Requires human assistance!
Time consuming laboratory procedures.
No universal method of data representation.
APPLICATIONS
DNA chips
Genetic programming
Pharmaceutical applications
Conclusion
o DNA computers showing enormous potential, especially for medical purposes as well as data processing applications.
o Many issues to be overcome to produce a useful DNA computer.
o Still a lot of work and resources required to
develop it into a fully fledged product.
K.SWAPNA
dna based computers.ppt (Size: 1.44 MB / Downloads: 167)
DEFINITION
Need of DNA computer?
Moore’s Law states that silicon microprocessors double in complexity roughly every two years.
Require a successor to silicon.
FEATURERS OF DNA
What is DNA?
Source code to life
Instructions for building and regulating cells
Data store for genetic inheritance
Think of enzymes as hardware, DNA as software
What is DNA made of?
Composed of four nucleotides (+ sugar-phosphate backbone)
A – Adenine
T –Thymine
C – Cytosine
G – Guanine
Bond in pairs
A – T
C – G
Dense Information Storage
How enormous is the parallelism?
A test tube of DNA can contain trillions of strands. Each operation on a test tube of DNA is carried out on all strands in the tube in parallel !
Check this out……. We Typically use
Can DNA Compute?
DNA itself does not carry out any computation. It rather acts as a massive memory.
BUT, the way complementary bases react with each other can be used to compute things.
Proposed by Adelman in 1994
Technological Developments.
Evolution of the DNA computer
Began in 1994 when Dr. Leonard Adleman wrote the paper “Molecular computation of solutions to combinatorial problems”.
He then carried out this experiment successfully – although it took him days to do so!
DNA computers moved from test tubes onto gold plates.
First practical DNA computer unveiled in 2002. Used in gene analysis.
Self-powered DNA computer unveiled in 2003.
First programmable autonomous computing machine in which the input, output, software and hardware were all made of DNA molecules.
Can perform a billion operations per second with 99.8% accuracy.
Biological computer developed that could be used to fight cancers.
‘Designer DNA’ identifies abnormal and is attracted to it.
The Designer molecule then releases chemicals to inhibit its growth or even kill the malignant cells.
Successfully tested on animals.
DNA COMPUTER Vs SILICON COMPUTER
ADVANTAGES
LIMITATIONS
DNA computing involves a relatively large amount of error
Requires human assistance!
Time consuming laboratory procedures.
No universal method of data representation.
APPLICATIONS
DNA chips
Genetic programming
Pharmaceutical applications
Conclusion
o DNA computers showing enormous potential, especially for medical purposes as well as data processing applications.
o Many issues to be overcome to produce a useful DNA computer.
o Still a lot of work and resources required to
develop it into a fully fledged product.