02-04-2011, 02:44 PM
INTRODUCTION
In the study of antennas, fractal antenna theory is a relatively new area. The term fractal was coined by the French mathematician B.B. Mandelbrot during 1970s after his pioneering research on several naturally occurring irregular and fragmented geometries not contained within the realms of conventional Euclidean geometry. Fractal geometry accurately characterizes many non-Euclidean features of the natural including the length of coastline, branching of trees and density of clouds and finds their application in many engineering field. Fractal shaped antenna is becoming useful way to design advanced antenna such as multiband antenna with approximately the same input or radiation characteristics for different frequency band.
DESIGNING OF FRACTAL ANTENNAS
A fractal antenna's response differs markedly from traditional antenna designs, in that it is capable of operating with good-to-excellent performance at many different frequencies simultaneously. Normally standard antennas have to be "cut" for the frequency for which they are to be used—and thus the standard antennas only work well at that frequency. This makes the fractal antenna an excellent design for wideband and multi-band
Applications.
APPLICATIONS OF FRACTAL ANTENNAS
There are many applications that can benefit from Fractal antennas. Discussed below are several ideas where Fractal antennas can make a real impact. The sudden grow in the wireless communication area has sprung a need for Compact integrated antennas. The space saving abilities of Fractals to efficiently fill a limited amount of space create distinct advantage of using integrated fractal antennas over Euclidean geometry. Examples of these types of application Include personal hand-held wireless devices such as cell Phones and other wireless mobile devices such as laptops on Wireless LANs and network able Pad Fractal antennas can also enrich applications that include Multiband transmissions. This area has many possibilities ranging from dual-mode phones to devices integrating