27-04-2011, 11:24 AM
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Brain Fingerprinting
Abstract
Brain fingerprinting is based on finding that the brain generates a unique brain wave pattern when a person encounters a familiar stimulus Use of functional magnetic resonance imaging in lie detection derives from studies suggesting that persons asked to lie show different patterns of brain activity than they do when being truthful .The new method employs brain waves. Even if the person willingly suppresses the necessary information, the brain wave is sure to trap him.
Introduction
Brain fingerprinting was invented by Lawrence Farwell which is used to detect the crimes based up on the brain wave responses
Brain Fingerprinting is a new computer-based technology to identify the person of a crime accurately scientifically by measuring the brainwave responses to crime relevant words, picturespresented over a computer screen.
Brain Fingerprinting is based on the principle that the brain is central to all human acts.
Defining Brain Fingerprinting
Scientific technique to determine whether or not specific information is stored in an individual's brain
Relevant words, pictures or sounds are presented to a subject by a computer in a series with stimuli
The brainwave responses measured using a patented headband equipped with EEG sensors
P300- Specific, measurable brain
response emitted by the brain of
a subject who has the relevant
information stored in his brain.
Equipment and technology
The brain fingerprinting system comprises
A personal computer.
A data acquisition board
Two monitors.
A EEG amplifier.
Software for data acquisition
Some electrodes.
a special headband with electronic sensors that measure the electroencephalography.
What is P300/ MERMER?
A MEMBER is a part of the brainwave observed in response to familiar information.
When the brain recognizes something, neurons are fired synchronously.
It is these changes, that investigators look for when trying to determine whether someone recognizes a particular piece of information.
When a person is exposed to a rare, but meaningful information, there is increase in neuron activity which results in an increase in voltage, typically within 300–1000msec after the stimulus, and that response with increases voltage is known as P300.
How Does it Work?
During the Brain Fingerprinting test, Terry Harrington wore a headband equipped with sensors and connected to an electroencephalograph (EEG) amplifier, which in turn fed the brain-wave data into a computer for analysis. He viewed phrases flashed briefly on a computer screen. Some of the phrases were relevant to the Schweer murder; others were irrelevant phrases that would be equally plausible crime-related items for an innocent subject. Analyze Harrington’s brain responses to determine the presence or absence of a MERMER(memory and encoding related multifaceted electroencephalographic response) .
It incorporates the following procedure
Three types of stimuli are presented:
1.Target2.Irrelevant 3. Probe
Target : The target stimuli are made relevant and noteworthy to all subjects.
Irrelevant : These have no relation to the situation under investigation.
Probes : Probes are the stimuli that are relevant to the situation under investigation.
FOUR PHASES OF FARWELL BRAIN FINGERPRINTING
There are four stages to Farwell Brain Fingerprinting, which are similar to the steps in fingerprinting and DNA fingerprinting:
1. Brain Fingerprinting Crime Scene Evidence Collection;
2. Brain Fingerprinting Brain Evidence Collection;
3. Brain Fingerprinting Computer Evidence Analysis; and
4. Brain Fingerprinting Scientific Result.
Applications
Counter Terrorism
Criminal Justice
Medical
Sensitive Military
Foreign Intelligence Screening.
Advantages
Identify criminals quickly and scientifically.
Record of 100% accuracy.
Identify terrorists and members of gangs, criminal and intelligence organizations.
The rate of error is extremely low –Virtually non existent – and clear standard governing.
Scientific techniques of operation of the technology have been established and published.
Conclusion
Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary new scientific technology for solving crimes, identifying perpetrators, and exonerating innocent suspects, with a record of 100% accuracy in research with US government agencies, actual criminal cases, and other applications.