30-04-2012, 03:18 PM
Radio-frequency identification RFID
FYP-RFID NAVIGATION WITH VOICE.docx (Size: 1.05 MB / Downloads: 53)
INTRODUCTION
Major of the modern world’s communication is carried out on by the radio waves. So Radio waves play a vital role in the sectors of communication.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a means of identifying a person or object using a radio frequency transmission. The technology can be used to identify, track, sort or detect a wide variety of objects. Communication takes place between a reader and a transponder (tag). Tags can either be active (powered by battery) or passive (powered by the reader field), and come in various forms. Some variants of tags and readers are shown RFID Tag and RFID Reader respectively. The communication frequencies used depends to a large extent on the application, and range from 125kHz to 2.45 GHz. Regulations are imposed by most countries (grouped into 3 Regions) to control emissions and prevent interference with other Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) equipment.
RFID becomes reality
The 1960s were the prelude to the RFID explosion of the 1970s. R.F. Harrington studied the electromagnetic theory related to RFID in his papers including “Theory of Loaded Scatterers” in 1964. Inventors were busy with RFID-related inventions such as Robert Richardson’s “Remotely activated radio frequency powered devices,” and J. H. Vogelman’s “Passive data transmission techniques utilizing radar echoes.”Commercial activities were beginning in the 1960s. Sensor matic and Check point were founded in the late 1960s. These companies, with others such as Knogo developed electronic article surveillance (EAS) equipment to counter the theft of merchandise.
Functional Description
The APR9600 block diagram is included in order to give understanding of the APR9600 internal architecture. At the left hand side of the diagram are the analog inputs. A differential microphone amplifier, including integrated AGC, is included on-chip for applications requiring its use. The amplified microphone signal is fed into the device by connecting the Ana_Out pin to the Ana_In pin through an external DC blocking capacitor. Recording can be fed directly into the Ana_In pin through a DC blocking capacitor, however, the connection between Ana_In and Ana_Out is still required for playback. The next block encountered by the input signal is the internal anti-aliasing filter.
MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51
A computer-on-a-chip is a variation of a microprocessor, which combines the processor core (CPU), some memory, and I/O (input/output) lines, all on one chip. The computer-on-a-chip is called the microcomputer whose proper meaning is a computer using a (number of) microprocessor(s) as its CPUs, while the concept of the microcomputer is known to be a microcontroller. A microcontroller can be viewed as a set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single silicon chip. This chip is used for only specific applications.
FYP-RFID NAVIGATION WITH VOICE.docx (Size: 1.05 MB / Downloads: 53)
INTRODUCTION
Major of the modern world’s communication is carried out on by the radio waves. So Radio waves play a vital role in the sectors of communication.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a means of identifying a person or object using a radio frequency transmission. The technology can be used to identify, track, sort or detect a wide variety of objects. Communication takes place between a reader and a transponder (tag). Tags can either be active (powered by battery) or passive (powered by the reader field), and come in various forms. Some variants of tags and readers are shown RFID Tag and RFID Reader respectively. The communication frequencies used depends to a large extent on the application, and range from 125kHz to 2.45 GHz. Regulations are imposed by most countries (grouped into 3 Regions) to control emissions and prevent interference with other Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) equipment.
RFID becomes reality
The 1960s were the prelude to the RFID explosion of the 1970s. R.F. Harrington studied the electromagnetic theory related to RFID in his papers including “Theory of Loaded Scatterers” in 1964. Inventors were busy with RFID-related inventions such as Robert Richardson’s “Remotely activated radio frequency powered devices,” and J. H. Vogelman’s “Passive data transmission techniques utilizing radar echoes.”Commercial activities were beginning in the 1960s. Sensor matic and Check point were founded in the late 1960s. These companies, with others such as Knogo developed electronic article surveillance (EAS) equipment to counter the theft of merchandise.
Functional Description
The APR9600 block diagram is included in order to give understanding of the APR9600 internal architecture. At the left hand side of the diagram are the analog inputs. A differential microphone amplifier, including integrated AGC, is included on-chip for applications requiring its use. The amplified microphone signal is fed into the device by connecting the Ana_Out pin to the Ana_In pin through an external DC blocking capacitor. Recording can be fed directly into the Ana_In pin through a DC blocking capacitor, however, the connection between Ana_In and Ana_Out is still required for playback. The next block encountered by the input signal is the internal anti-aliasing filter.
MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51
A computer-on-a-chip is a variation of a microprocessor, which combines the processor core (CPU), some memory, and I/O (input/output) lines, all on one chip. The computer-on-a-chip is called the microcomputer whose proper meaning is a computer using a (number of) microprocessor(s) as its CPUs, while the concept of the microcomputer is known to be a microcontroller. A microcontroller can be viewed as a set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single silicon chip. This chip is used for only specific applications.