28-06-2012, 04:41 PM
Clap switch
Clap switch.pptx (Size: 305.44 KB / Downloads: 75)
INTRODUCTION
This circuit can switch on and off a light, a fan or a radio etc; by the sound of a clap.
This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay, transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns ‘ON’ light for the first clap. The light turns ON till the next clap.
For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage .Therefore a step-down transformer 12V/300mA is employed.
The working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, and relay as an electronic switch
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION OF RESISTOR:
A resistor is a two-terminal electrical or electronic component that resists an electric current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in accordance with Ohm's law: R=V/I The electrical resistance is equal to the voltage drop across the resistor divided by the current through the resistor.
CAPACITOR:-
An electric circuit element used to store charge temporarily, consisting in general of two metallic plates separated and insulated from each other by a dielectric. Also called condenser.
A capacitor (formerly known as condenser) is a passive electronic capacitor consisting of a pair of conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator). When a potential difference (voltage) exists across the conductors, an electric field is present in the dielectric.
SEMICONDUCTORS:-
semiconductor is a material that has an electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. This means roughly in the range 103 Siemens per centimeter to 10−8 S/cm. Devices made from semiconductor materials are the foundation of modern electronics, including radio, computers, telephones, and many other devices. Semiconductor devices include the various types of transistor, solar cells, many kinds of diodes including the light-emitting diode, the silicon controlled rectifier, and digital and analog integrated circuits.
RELAY ENERGIZED (ON) :
Current flowing through the control circuit coil (pins 1 and 3) creates a small magnetic field which causes the switch to close, pins 2 and 4. The switch, which is part of the load circuit, is used to control an electrical circuit that may connect to it. Current now flows through pins 2 and 4 shown in RED, when the relay is energized.
Clap switch.pptx (Size: 305.44 KB / Downloads: 75)
INTRODUCTION
This circuit can switch on and off a light, a fan or a radio etc; by the sound of a clap.
This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay, transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns ‘ON’ light for the first clap. The light turns ON till the next clap.
For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage .Therefore a step-down transformer 12V/300mA is employed.
The working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, and relay as an electronic switch
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION OF RESISTOR:
A resistor is a two-terminal electrical or electronic component that resists an electric current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in accordance with Ohm's law: R=V/I The electrical resistance is equal to the voltage drop across the resistor divided by the current through the resistor.
CAPACITOR:-
An electric circuit element used to store charge temporarily, consisting in general of two metallic plates separated and insulated from each other by a dielectric. Also called condenser.
A capacitor (formerly known as condenser) is a passive electronic capacitor consisting of a pair of conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator). When a potential difference (voltage) exists across the conductors, an electric field is present in the dielectric.
SEMICONDUCTORS:-
semiconductor is a material that has an electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. This means roughly in the range 103 Siemens per centimeter to 10−8 S/cm. Devices made from semiconductor materials are the foundation of modern electronics, including radio, computers, telephones, and many other devices. Semiconductor devices include the various types of transistor, solar cells, many kinds of diodes including the light-emitting diode, the silicon controlled rectifier, and digital and analog integrated circuits.
RELAY ENERGIZED (ON) :
Current flowing through the control circuit coil (pins 1 and 3) creates a small magnetic field which causes the switch to close, pins 2 and 4. The switch, which is part of the load circuit, is used to control an electrical circuit that may connect to it. Current now flows through pins 2 and 4 shown in RED, when the relay is energized.