19-07-2012, 04:26 PM
Mobile Cloning
mobile cloning.ppt (Size: 350.5 KB / Downloads: 49)
What is ESN?
The ESN (Electronic Serial Number) is the serial number of your cellular telephone.The ESN is transmitted to the cell site and used in conjunction with the NAM to verify that you are a legitimate user of the cellular system.
What is MIN?
The MIN (Mobile Identification Number) is simply the phone number of the cellular telephone.
How CDMA Works?
IS-95 is a standard for CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) Digital Cellular.In a CDMA system, your encoded voice is digitized and divided into packets. These packets are tagged with "codes." The packets then mix with all of the other packets of traffic in the local CDMA network as they are routed towards their destination. The receiving system only accepts the packets with the codes destined for it.
HOW IT IS DONE ?
Cloning involved modifying or replacing the EPROM in the phones with a new chip, which would allow you to configure ESN via software.
You would also have to change the MIN.
When you had successfully changed ESN/MIN pair, your phone was an effective clone of the other phone.
Conclusion.
Some of the forms of fraud presented here have been possible because of design flaws. The cloning of analog mobile phones was possible because there was no protection to the identification information and the cloning of GSM SIM-cards is possible because of a leaking authentication algorithm. These problems can be countered with technical means. However, fraud in itself is a social problem. As such, it may be temporarily countered with technological means but they rarely work permanently. Mobile phones are a relatively new phenomenon and social norms to its use have not been formed. Some operators have tried the ``If you can't beat them, join them'' approach and provided services that would otherwise be attained by fraud. As mobile communication matures, both socially and technologically, fraud will settle to some level. Until then, it is a race between the operators, equipment manufacturers and the fraudsters.
mobile cloning.ppt (Size: 350.5 KB / Downloads: 49)
What is ESN?
The ESN (Electronic Serial Number) is the serial number of your cellular telephone.The ESN is transmitted to the cell site and used in conjunction with the NAM to verify that you are a legitimate user of the cellular system.
What is MIN?
The MIN (Mobile Identification Number) is simply the phone number of the cellular telephone.
How CDMA Works?
IS-95 is a standard for CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) Digital Cellular.In a CDMA system, your encoded voice is digitized and divided into packets. These packets are tagged with "codes." The packets then mix with all of the other packets of traffic in the local CDMA network as they are routed towards their destination. The receiving system only accepts the packets with the codes destined for it.
HOW IT IS DONE ?
Cloning involved modifying or replacing the EPROM in the phones with a new chip, which would allow you to configure ESN via software.
You would also have to change the MIN.
When you had successfully changed ESN/MIN pair, your phone was an effective clone of the other phone.
Conclusion.
Some of the forms of fraud presented here have been possible because of design flaws. The cloning of analog mobile phones was possible because there was no protection to the identification information and the cloning of GSM SIM-cards is possible because of a leaking authentication algorithm. These problems can be countered with technical means. However, fraud in itself is a social problem. As such, it may be temporarily countered with technological means but they rarely work permanently. Mobile phones are a relatively new phenomenon and social norms to its use have not been formed. Some operators have tried the ``If you can't beat them, join them'' approach and provided services that would otherwise be attained by fraud. As mobile communication matures, both socially and technologically, fraud will settle to some level. Until then, it is a race between the operators, equipment manufacturers and the fraudsters.