06-10-2012, 11:20 AM
ROBOTICS
robotics1.ppt (Size: 2.91 MB / Downloads: 60)
WHAT IS ROBOTICS
THE WORD ROBOTICS IS USED TO COLLECTIVILY DEFINE A FIELD IN ENGINEERING THAT COVERS THE MIMICKING OF VARIOUS HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS
SOUND CONCEPTS IN MANY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES IS NEEDED FOR WORKING IN THIS FIELD
IT FIND ITS USES IN ALL ASPECTS OF OUR LIFE
What a Robot can mean?
An automatic industrial machine replacing the human in hazardous work.
An automatic mobile sweeper machine at a modern home.
An automatic toy car for a child to play with.
A machine removing mines in a war field all by itself and many more…
ROBOTICS
It is a field of Engineering that covers the mimicking of human behavior.
Robotics includes the knowledge of Mechanical, Electronics, Electrical & Computer Science Engineering.
Robots in Early History
Ancient Greek poet Homer described maidens of gold,
mechanical helpers built by Hephaistos, the Greek god
of metal smiths.
The golems of medieval Jewish legend were robot-like
servants made of clay, brought to life by a spoken
charm.
In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci drew plans for a
mechanical man.
Real robots were only possible in the 1950s and 1960s
with the introduction of transistors and integrated circuits.
First Commercial Robot
• After the 1950’s the first
commercial robot
nicknamed the
'Unimate‘, was created.
• The first Unimate was
installed at a General
Motors plant to work
with heated die-casting
machines .
Laws of Robotics
The term robotics was coined in the 1940s by science fiction writer Isaac Asimov.
Asimov's Laws of Robotics:
A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such order would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
Power Supply
Suitable power supply is needed to run the motors and associated circuitry
Typical power requirement ranges from 3V to 24V DC
220V AC supply must be modified to suit the needs of our machine
Batteries can also be used to run robots
Robots are driven by different motors :-
DC Motors
Stepper Motors
Servo Motors
MANIPULATION
Robots which must work in the real world require some way to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy, or otherwise have an effect.
Thus the 'hands' of a robot are often referred to as end effectors, while the arm is referred to as a manipulator.
Some manipulators are:
Mechanical Grippers
Vacuum Grippers
General purpose effectors
LOCOMOTION
It is concerned with the motion of the robot.
Robot contains different types of drives:-
Differential drive
Car type
Skid steer drive
Synchronous drive
Pivot drive
Articulated drive
SNAKINGSnaking:
Several snake robots have been successfully developed. Mimicking the way real snakes move, these robots can navigate very confined spaces, meaning they may one day be used to search for people trapped in collapsed buildings. The Japanese ACM-R5 snake robot.can even navigate both on land and in water.
Human-robot interaction
If robots are to work effectively in homes and other non-industrial environments, the way they are instructed to perform their jobs
The people who interact with them may have little or no training in robotics, and so any interface will need to be extremely intuitive. Science fiction authors also typically assume that robots will eventually be capable of communicating with humans through speech, gestures, and facial expressions, rather than a command-line interface.
ADVANTAGES
Revolution in Medical science and Health care systems.
New & wide scope in Education & Training.
A good help in Nuclear industry.
Used tremendously in Sports activities.
Play the role of an efficient assistance in Research and Development sciences.
Can very well handle household business.
Robot research
TOPIO, a robot developed by TOSY that can play ping-pong.
Much of the research in robotics focuses not on specific industrial tasks, but on investigations into new types of robots, alternative ways to think about or design robots, and new ways to manufacture them but other investigations, such as MIT's cyberflora project, are almost wholly academic.
A first particular new innovation in robot design is the opensourcing of robot-projects. To describe the level of advancement of a robot, the term "Generation Robots" can be used. This term is coined by Professor Hans Moravec, Principal Research Scientist at the Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute in describing the near future evolution of robot technology.
robotics1.ppt (Size: 2.91 MB / Downloads: 60)
WHAT IS ROBOTICS
THE WORD ROBOTICS IS USED TO COLLECTIVILY DEFINE A FIELD IN ENGINEERING THAT COVERS THE MIMICKING OF VARIOUS HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS
SOUND CONCEPTS IN MANY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES IS NEEDED FOR WORKING IN THIS FIELD
IT FIND ITS USES IN ALL ASPECTS OF OUR LIFE
What a Robot can mean?
An automatic industrial machine replacing the human in hazardous work.
An automatic mobile sweeper machine at a modern home.
An automatic toy car for a child to play with.
A machine removing mines in a war field all by itself and many more…
ROBOTICS
It is a field of Engineering that covers the mimicking of human behavior.
Robotics includes the knowledge of Mechanical, Electronics, Electrical & Computer Science Engineering.
Robots in Early History
Ancient Greek poet Homer described maidens of gold,
mechanical helpers built by Hephaistos, the Greek god
of metal smiths.
The golems of medieval Jewish legend were robot-like
servants made of clay, brought to life by a spoken
charm.
In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci drew plans for a
mechanical man.
Real robots were only possible in the 1950s and 1960s
with the introduction of transistors and integrated circuits.
First Commercial Robot
• After the 1950’s the first
commercial robot
nicknamed the
'Unimate‘, was created.
• The first Unimate was
installed at a General
Motors plant to work
with heated die-casting
machines .
Laws of Robotics
The term robotics was coined in the 1940s by science fiction writer Isaac Asimov.
Asimov's Laws of Robotics:
A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such order would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
Power Supply
Suitable power supply is needed to run the motors and associated circuitry
Typical power requirement ranges from 3V to 24V DC
220V AC supply must be modified to suit the needs of our machine
Batteries can also be used to run robots
Robots are driven by different motors :-
DC Motors
Stepper Motors
Servo Motors
MANIPULATION
Robots which must work in the real world require some way to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy, or otherwise have an effect.
Thus the 'hands' of a robot are often referred to as end effectors, while the arm is referred to as a manipulator.
Some manipulators are:
Mechanical Grippers
Vacuum Grippers
General purpose effectors
LOCOMOTION
It is concerned with the motion of the robot.
Robot contains different types of drives:-
Differential drive
Car type
Skid steer drive
Synchronous drive
Pivot drive
Articulated drive
SNAKINGSnaking:
Several snake robots have been successfully developed. Mimicking the way real snakes move, these robots can navigate very confined spaces, meaning they may one day be used to search for people trapped in collapsed buildings. The Japanese ACM-R5 snake robot.can even navigate both on land and in water.
Human-robot interaction
If robots are to work effectively in homes and other non-industrial environments, the way they are instructed to perform their jobs
The people who interact with them may have little or no training in robotics, and so any interface will need to be extremely intuitive. Science fiction authors also typically assume that robots will eventually be capable of communicating with humans through speech, gestures, and facial expressions, rather than a command-line interface.
ADVANTAGES
Revolution in Medical science and Health care systems.
New & wide scope in Education & Training.
A good help in Nuclear industry.
Used tremendously in Sports activities.
Play the role of an efficient assistance in Research and Development sciences.
Can very well handle household business.
Robot research
TOPIO, a robot developed by TOSY that can play ping-pong.
Much of the research in robotics focuses not on specific industrial tasks, but on investigations into new types of robots, alternative ways to think about or design robots, and new ways to manufacture them but other investigations, such as MIT's cyberflora project, are almost wholly academic.
A first particular new innovation in robot design is the opensourcing of robot-projects. To describe the level of advancement of a robot, the term "Generation Robots" can be used. This term is coined by Professor Hans Moravec, Principal Research Scientist at the Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute in describing the near future evolution of robot technology.