29-05-2017, 03:57 PM
Micro-grid is a localized grouping of sources of electricity and loads that normally operates connected and synchronized with the centralized central grid (macro-grid), but can be disconnected and operated autonomously as required by physical and / or economic conditions. In this way, a way is opened to effectively integrate diverse sources of distributed generation (DG), especially Renewable Energy Sources (RES). It also provides a good solution for the power supply in case of an emergency because it has the ability to switch between island mode and the mode connected to the network. On the other hand, control and protection are major challenges in this type of network configuration, which is generally treated as a hierarchical control.
A formal definition of the United States Department of Energy's Micro-grid Exchange Group states: A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DERs) within clearly defined electrical boundaries acting as a single controllable entity with respect to network. A microgrid can be connected and disconnected from the network to allow it to operate in both networked and island mode.
From the definition of EU research projects: microgrids include distributed low voltage (LV) distribution systems (DER) (microturbines, fuel cells, photovoltaics, etc.), storage devices (flywheels, batteries ) System and flexible loads. Such systems can be operated non-autonomously (if they are interconnected to the network) or autonomously (if disconnected from the main network). The operation of the micro-sources in the network can provide different benefits to the overall performance of the system, if managed and coordinated efficiently.
A formal definition of the United States Department of Energy's Micro-grid Exchange Group states: A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DERs) within clearly defined electrical boundaries acting as a single controllable entity with respect to network. A microgrid can be connected and disconnected from the network to allow it to operate in both networked and island mode.
From the definition of EU research projects: microgrids include distributed low voltage (LV) distribution systems (DER) (microturbines, fuel cells, photovoltaics, etc.), storage devices (flywheels, batteries ) System and flexible loads. Such systems can be operated non-autonomously (if they are interconnected to the network) or autonomously (if disconnected from the main network). The operation of the micro-sources in the network can provide different benefits to the overall performance of the system, if managed and coordinated efficiently.