05-05-2012, 11:03 AM
Heat Transfer Intensification Using Nanofluids
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Introduction
Nanofluids are dilute liquid suspensions of
nanoparticles with at least one critical dimension
smaller than ~100nm. Much attention has been paid
in the past decade to this new type of composite
material because of its enhanced properties and behaviour
associated with heat transfer (Masuda et al.
1993; Choi 1995), mass transfer (Krishnamurthy et al.
2006, Olle et al. 2006), wetting and spreading (Wasan
and Nikolov 2003) and antimicrobial activities (Zhang
L et a. 2007), and the number of publications related
to nanofluids increases in an exponential manner.
Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids
The thermal conductivity of nanofluids has dominated
the literature in the past decade, though this
pattern has changed slightly over the last few years;
see Keblinski et al. (2005), Das et al. (2006) and
Wang and Mujumdar (2007) for recent reviews. Note
that the term