09-09-2017, 10:02 AM
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits, or creates a mathematical sequence of steps known as an algorithm, eg. through computers. Computer science includes the design, development and construction of hardware and software systems; processing, structuring and management of various types of information; doing scientific research on and with computers; make computer systems behave intelligently; and create and use media and entertainment. The field of computer science includes computer engineering, software engineering, information technology, information systems and information technology.
History
The history of computing is longer than the history of computer hardware and modern computer technology and includes the history of pen and paper methods or for chalk and chalkboard, with or without the help of boards.
Computing is closely linked to the representation of numbers. But long before abstractions such as numbers arose, there were mathematical concepts to serve the purposes of civilization. These concepts include one-to-one correspondence (the base of the count), comparison with a standard (used for measurement) and right triangle 3-4-5 (a device to ensure a right angle).
The earliest known tool for use in computing was the abacus, and was thought to have been invented in Babylon circa 2400 BC. Its original style of use was by lines drawn in sand with stones. Abaci, of a more modern design, are still used as calculation tools nowadays. This was the first computer known and the most advanced calculation system known to date - the previous Greek methods for 2,000 years.
The first recorded idea of using digital electronics for computing was the 1931 paper "The Use of the Thyratron for High Speed Automatic Counting of Physical Phenomena" by C. E. Wynn-Williams. Claude Shannon's 1938 paper, "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits," introduced the idea of using electronics for Boolean algebraic operations.
History
The history of computing is longer than the history of computer hardware and modern computer technology and includes the history of pen and paper methods or for chalk and chalkboard, with or without the help of boards.
Computing is closely linked to the representation of numbers. But long before abstractions such as numbers arose, there were mathematical concepts to serve the purposes of civilization. These concepts include one-to-one correspondence (the base of the count), comparison with a standard (used for measurement) and right triangle 3-4-5 (a device to ensure a right angle).
The earliest known tool for use in computing was the abacus, and was thought to have been invented in Babylon circa 2400 BC. Its original style of use was by lines drawn in sand with stones. Abaci, of a more modern design, are still used as calculation tools nowadays. This was the first computer known and the most advanced calculation system known to date - the previous Greek methods for 2,000 years.
The first recorded idea of using digital electronics for computing was the 1931 paper "The Use of the Thyratron for High Speed Automatic Counting of Physical Phenomena" by C. E. Wynn-Williams. Claude Shannon's 1938 paper, "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits," introduced the idea of using electronics for Boolean algebraic operations.