29-08-2017, 11:18 AM
Avocado (Persea americana) is a tree believed to have originated in southern Central Mexico, classified as a member of the flowering Lauraceae family. Recent archaeological research has shown evidence that avocado has been present in Peru for 8,000 to 15,000 years. Avocado (also the crocodile pear) refers to the fruit of the tree, which is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed.
Avocados are commercially valuable and grown in tropical and Mediterranean climates around the world. They have a green, fleshy skin body that can be pear-shaped, egg-shaped or spherical. Commercially, they mature after harvest. Avocado trees are partially self-pollinating and often propagate through grafts to maintain a predictable quality and quantity of the fruit.
It is thought that Persea americana, or avocado, originated in the Tehuacán Valley in the state of Puebla, Mexico, although fossil evidence suggests that similar species were much more widespread millions of years ago. However, there is evidence of three possible separate domestications of avocado, resulting in the traditional Mexican (aoacatl), Guatemalan (quilaoacatl) and antillan (tlacacolaocatl) varieties. Native Mexican and Guatemalan varieties originated in the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala, respectively, while the indigenous West Indies breed is a variety of lowlands ranging from Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. the Europeans. It is probable that the three autochthonous races have been intermixed [a] in pre-Columbian America and have been described in the Florentine Codex.
Archaeologists recently discovered the remains of the avocado plant in what is now Peru, carbon dated from 8,000 to 15,000 years ago in the Mesolithic period. This evidence was found in a heap of land that is purported to be a ceremonial structure called Huaca Prieta, 600 kilometers north of Lima, Peru. The first residents lived in temporary camps in an ancient wetland that ate avocados, chilies, mollusks, sharks, birds and sea lions. The oldest discovery of an avocado comes from the cave of Coxcatlan, dating from about 9,000 to 10,000 years ago. Other caves in the Tehuacán Valley around the same time period also show early evidence of the presence of avocado. There is evidence of avocado use in the sites of civilization of Norte Chico in Peru at least 3,200 years ago and in Caballo Muerto in Peru for approximately 3,800 to 4,500 years.
The native variety, not domesticated, is known as Creole, and is small, dark black skin, and contains a large seed. Probably coevolved with extinct megafauna. The avocado tree also has a long history of cultivation in Central and South America, probably beginning in the early 5,000 BC. A jug of water in the form of an avocado, dating from 900 AD, was discovered in the pre-Inca city of Chan Chan.
The oldest written account of avocado in Europe is that of Martín Fernández de Enciso (circa 1470-1528) in 1519 in his book Suma De Geographia, which deals with all the parties and provinces of the world. The first detailed account that unequivocally describes the avocado was given by Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés in his work Summary of the natural history of the Indies in 1526. The first written record in English of the use of the word 'avocado' was by Hans Sloane , who coined the term in 1669, at an index of 1696 of Jamaican plants. The plant was introduced in Spain in 1601, in Indonesia around 1750, in Mauritius in 1780, in Brazil in 1809, in the United States in 1825, in South Africa and Australia in the late nineteenth century and Israel in 1908. In the United States, Avocado was introduced to Florida and Hawaii in 1833 and in California in 1856.
Before 1915, avocado was commonly referred to in California as ahuacate and in Florida as a crocodile pear. In 1915, the California Avocado Association introduced the then-innovative term avocado to refer to the plant.
Avocados are commercially valuable and grown in tropical and Mediterranean climates around the world. They have a green, fleshy skin body that can be pear-shaped, egg-shaped or spherical. Commercially, they mature after harvest. Avocado trees are partially self-pollinating and often propagate through grafts to maintain a predictable quality and quantity of the fruit.
It is thought that Persea americana, or avocado, originated in the Tehuacán Valley in the state of Puebla, Mexico, although fossil evidence suggests that similar species were much more widespread millions of years ago. However, there is evidence of three possible separate domestications of avocado, resulting in the traditional Mexican (aoacatl), Guatemalan (quilaoacatl) and antillan (tlacacolaocatl) varieties. Native Mexican and Guatemalan varieties originated in the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala, respectively, while the indigenous West Indies breed is a variety of lowlands ranging from Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. the Europeans. It is probable that the three autochthonous races have been intermixed [a] in pre-Columbian America and have been described in the Florentine Codex.
Archaeologists recently discovered the remains of the avocado plant in what is now Peru, carbon dated from 8,000 to 15,000 years ago in the Mesolithic period. This evidence was found in a heap of land that is purported to be a ceremonial structure called Huaca Prieta, 600 kilometers north of Lima, Peru. The first residents lived in temporary camps in an ancient wetland that ate avocados, chilies, mollusks, sharks, birds and sea lions. The oldest discovery of an avocado comes from the cave of Coxcatlan, dating from about 9,000 to 10,000 years ago. Other caves in the Tehuacán Valley around the same time period also show early evidence of the presence of avocado. There is evidence of avocado use in the sites of civilization of Norte Chico in Peru at least 3,200 years ago and in Caballo Muerto in Peru for approximately 3,800 to 4,500 years.
The native variety, not domesticated, is known as Creole, and is small, dark black skin, and contains a large seed. Probably coevolved with extinct megafauna. The avocado tree also has a long history of cultivation in Central and South America, probably beginning in the early 5,000 BC. A jug of water in the form of an avocado, dating from 900 AD, was discovered in the pre-Inca city of Chan Chan.
The oldest written account of avocado in Europe is that of Martín Fernández de Enciso (circa 1470-1528) in 1519 in his book Suma De Geographia, which deals with all the parties and provinces of the world. The first detailed account that unequivocally describes the avocado was given by Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés in his work Summary of the natural history of the Indies in 1526. The first written record in English of the use of the word 'avocado' was by Hans Sloane , who coined the term in 1669, at an index of 1696 of Jamaican plants. The plant was introduced in Spain in 1601, in Indonesia around 1750, in Mauritius in 1780, in Brazil in 1809, in the United States in 1825, in South Africa and Australia in the late nineteenth century and Israel in 1908. In the United States, Avocado was introduced to Florida and Hawaii in 1833 and in California in 1856.
Before 1915, avocado was commonly referred to in California as ahuacate and in Florida as a crocodile pear. In 1915, the California Avocado Association introduced the then-innovative term avocado to refer to the plant.