28-08-2017, 02:54 PM
A web search engine is a software system designed to search information on the World Wide Web. Search results are usually presented in a line of results often referred to as search engine result pages (SERPs). The information can be a mixture of web pages, images and other types of files. Some search engines also extract data available in databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are only maintained by human editors, search engines also maintain information in real time by running an algorithm on a web crawler.
Internet search engines before the debut of the Web in December 1990. The Who's User Search dates back to 1982 and the Knowbot Information Service multi-network user search was first implemented in 1989. The first well documented search engine that searched for archival content, namely Archie FTP files, which debuted on September 10, 1990.
Before September 1993, the World Wide Web was fully indexed by hand. There was a list of web servers edited by Tim Berners-Lee and hosted on the CERN web server. A historical snapshot of the list in 1992 remains, but as more and more web servers got online the central list could no longer keep up. On the NCSA site, new servers were announced under the heading "What's New!".
The first tool used to search for content (as opposed to users) on the Internet was Archie. The name means "file" without the "v". It was created by Alan Emtage, Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch, computer science students at McGill University in Montreal. The program downloaded directory listings of all files located on public anonymous FTP sites (File Transfer Protocol), creating a database of searchable file names; However, Archie Search Engine did not index the content of these sites since the amount of data was so limited that it could be easily searched manually.
The emergence of Gopher (created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota) led to two new search programs, Veronica and Jughead. Like Archie, they searched for file names and titles stored on Gopher index systems. Veronica (a very easy rodent-oriented index of the entire network of computerized files) provided a keyword search of most of the Gopher menu titles in the full Gopher listings. Jughead (the excavation and display of Jonzy Gopher's universal hierarchy) was a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers. While the search engine name "Archie Search Engine" was not a reference to the Archie comic series, "Veronica" and "Jughead" are characters in the series, referring to its predecessor.
In the summer of 1993, there was no search engine for the web, although numerous specialized catalogs were kept on hand. Oscar Nierstrasz of the University of Geneva wrote a series of Perl scripts that periodically reflected these pages and rewritten them in a standard format. This formed the basis for W3Catalog, the first primitive web search engine, released on September 2, 1993.
In June 1993, Matthew Gray, then at MIT, produced what was probably the first web robot, the Perl-based World Wide Web Wanderer, and used it to generate an index called 'Wandex'. The goal of the Wanderer was to measure the size of the World Wide Web, which it did until late 1995. The second Internet search engine Aliweb appeared in November 1993. Aliweb did not use a web robot, but relied on being notified by the site Web site administrators exist in each site an index file in a particular format.
Mosaic ™ by NCSA - Mosaic (web browser) was not the first web browser. But he was the first to make an important splash. In November 1993, Mosaic v 1.0 was separated from the small package of existing browsers by including icons such as icons, bookmarks, a more attractive interface and images, which made it easier to use the software and attracted non-geeks.
Internet search engines before the debut of the Web in December 1990. The Who's User Search dates back to 1982 and the Knowbot Information Service multi-network user search was first implemented in 1989. The first well documented search engine that searched for archival content, namely Archie FTP files, which debuted on September 10, 1990.
Before September 1993, the World Wide Web was fully indexed by hand. There was a list of web servers edited by Tim Berners-Lee and hosted on the CERN web server. A historical snapshot of the list in 1992 remains, but as more and more web servers got online the central list could no longer keep up. On the NCSA site, new servers were announced under the heading "What's New!".
The first tool used to search for content (as opposed to users) on the Internet was Archie. The name means "file" without the "v". It was created by Alan Emtage, Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch, computer science students at McGill University in Montreal. The program downloaded directory listings of all files located on public anonymous FTP sites (File Transfer Protocol), creating a database of searchable file names; However, Archie Search Engine did not index the content of these sites since the amount of data was so limited that it could be easily searched manually.
The emergence of Gopher (created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota) led to two new search programs, Veronica and Jughead. Like Archie, they searched for file names and titles stored on Gopher index systems. Veronica (a very easy rodent-oriented index of the entire network of computerized files) provided a keyword search of most of the Gopher menu titles in the full Gopher listings. Jughead (the excavation and display of Jonzy Gopher's universal hierarchy) was a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers. While the search engine name "Archie Search Engine" was not a reference to the Archie comic series, "Veronica" and "Jughead" are characters in the series, referring to its predecessor.
In the summer of 1993, there was no search engine for the web, although numerous specialized catalogs were kept on hand. Oscar Nierstrasz of the University of Geneva wrote a series of Perl scripts that periodically reflected these pages and rewritten them in a standard format. This formed the basis for W3Catalog, the first primitive web search engine, released on September 2, 1993.
In June 1993, Matthew Gray, then at MIT, produced what was probably the first web robot, the Perl-based World Wide Web Wanderer, and used it to generate an index called 'Wandex'. The goal of the Wanderer was to measure the size of the World Wide Web, which it did until late 1995. The second Internet search engine Aliweb appeared in November 1993. Aliweb did not use a web robot, but relied on being notified by the site Web site administrators exist in each site an index file in a particular format.
Mosaic ™ by NCSA - Mosaic (web browser) was not the first web browser. But he was the first to make an important splash. In November 1993, Mosaic v 1.0 was separated from the small package of existing browsers by including icons such as icons, bookmarks, a more attractive interface and images, which made it easier to use the software and attracted non-geeks.