15-09-2017, 02:29 PM
Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). The medical image seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by skin and bones, as well as to diagnose and treat diseases. The medical image also establishes a database of normal anatomy and physiology to allow anomalies to be identified. Although imaging of deleted organs and tissues can be performed for medical reasons, these procedures are often considered part of pathology rather than medical imaging.
As a discipline and in its broadest sense, it is part of the biological image and incorporates radiology using X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, medical ultrasound or ultrasound imaging, endoscopy, elastography, tactile imaging, thermography, photography medical and nuclear nuclear imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
Measurement and recording techniques that are not primarily designed to produce images, such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and others represent other technologies that produce data that can be represented as a graphical parameter as a function of time or maps containing data on measurement sites. In a limited comparison, these technologies can be considered as forms of medical imaging in another discipline.
By 2010, 5 billion medical imaging studies had been performed worldwide. Exposure to medical imaging radiation in 2006 accounted for about 50% of exposure to total ionizing radiation in the United States.
Medical imaging is often perceived to designate the system of techniques that produce non-invasive images of the internal aspect of the body. In this restricted sense, the medical image can be seen as the solution of inverse mathematical problems. This means that the cause (the properties of living tissue) is deduced from the effect (the observed signal). In the case of medical ultrasound, the probe consists of ultrasonic pressure waves and echoes that go inside the tissue to show the internal structure. In the case of projective radiography, the probe uses X-ray radiation, which is absorbed at different speeds by different types of tissues, such as bone, muscle and fat.
As a discipline and in its broadest sense, it is part of the biological image and incorporates radiology using X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, medical ultrasound or ultrasound imaging, endoscopy, elastography, tactile imaging, thermography, photography medical and nuclear nuclear imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
Measurement and recording techniques that are not primarily designed to produce images, such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and others represent other technologies that produce data that can be represented as a graphical parameter as a function of time or maps containing data on measurement sites. In a limited comparison, these technologies can be considered as forms of medical imaging in another discipline.
By 2010, 5 billion medical imaging studies had been performed worldwide. Exposure to medical imaging radiation in 2006 accounted for about 50% of exposure to total ionizing radiation in the United States.
Medical imaging is often perceived to designate the system of techniques that produce non-invasive images of the internal aspect of the body. In this restricted sense, the medical image can be seen as the solution of inverse mathematical problems. This means that the cause (the properties of living tissue) is deduced from the effect (the observed signal). In the case of medical ultrasound, the probe consists of ultrasonic pressure waves and echoes that go inside the tissue to show the internal structure. In the case of projective radiography, the probe uses X-ray radiation, which is absorbed at different speeds by different types of tissues, such as bone, muscle and fat.