06-10-2012, 10:39 AM
3D-DOCTOR
3D-DOCTOR.doc (Size: 3.65 MB / Downloads: 112)
ABSTRACT
3D-DOCTOR Software is used to extract information from image files to create 3D model. It was developed using object-oriented technology and provides efficient tools to process and analyze 3D images, object boundaries, 3D models and other associated data items in an easy-to-use environment. It does 3D image segmentation, 3D surface modeling, rendering, volume rendering, 3D image processing, disconsolation, registration, automatic alignment, measurements, and many other functions.3D-DOCTOR supports both grayscale and color images stored in DICOM, TIFF, Interfile, GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP, PGM, RAW or other image file formats. 3D-DOCTOR creates 3D surface models and volume rendering from 2D cross-section images in real time on your PC. Leading hospitals, medical schools and research organizations around the world are currently using 3D-DOCTOR.
INTRODUCTION
3D-DOCTOR is an advanced, 3D imaging software developed by Able Software Corp.It is an advanced 3D modeling, image processing and measurement software for MRI, CT, PET, microscopy, scientific, and industrial imaging applications. 3D-Doctor supports both grayscale and color images stored in DICOM, TIFF, Interfile, GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP, PGM, RAW or other image file formats. 3D-DOCTOR creates 3D surface models and volume rendering from 2D cross-section images in real time on your PC. You can export the polygonal mesh models to STL, DXF, IGES, 3DS, OBJ, VRML, XYZ and other formats for surgical planning, simulation, quantitative analysis and rapid prototyping applications. You can calculate 3D volume and make other 3D measurements for quantitative analysis. 3D-DOCTOR's vector-based tools support easy image data handling, measurement, and analysis.3D CT/MRI images can be re-sliced easily along an arbitrary axis. Multi-modality images can be registered to create image fusions. Misaligned slices can be automatically or semi-automatically aligned using 3D-DOCTOR's image alignment functions. Other image processing functions include template-based film cropping, image reslicing to correct slices of uneven thickness, volume resizing, and image rotation.The 3DBasic scripting tool makes it easy to create Basic-like sophisticated 3D imaging programs.This software does 3D image segmentation, 3D surface modeling, rendering, volume rendering, 3D image processing, deconvolution, registration, automatic alignment, measurements, and many other functions.
Steps to create 3D rendering from 2D image slices
The following lists the main 3D-DOCTOR functions and steps youcan use to create 3D rendering from your 2D image slices:
1. File/New Stack to add the slices to the stack list and open it.Or the File/Open command if the slices are already in a list or a single image file.
2. Function Keys F2 and F3 to zoom in and out. F5 and F6 to switch to the previous and next image slice. Click on the animation tool bar to fly through the slices. View/Image Contrast to adjust display contrast, etc.
3. Edit/Calibrations to enter image spatial/spectral resolution.
4. Edit/Object Settings to add new object groups for holding the boundary
data.
5. Use 3D Rendering/Auto Segment and define the number of objects
to be segmented for fast automatic segmentation. You can ase the 3D Rendering/Interactive Segment or Edit/Boundary Editor to trace object boundaries automatically or manually. The boundary data will be used by the following steps.
6. Use the 3D Rendering/Surface Rendering commands to create 3D
surface models. When the 3D surface models are displayed, use
View/Object to change the transparency and color properties and functions
under Tools submenu for further analysis.
7. Use the 3D Rendering/Volume Rendering to create 3D volume rendering
for 3D visualization.
3D Formats, Handling, and Reslicing
Image formats that 3D-DOCTOR support and which can be used: 3D-DOCTOR supports a variety of image formats in both 2D and 3D. These formats include DICOM, TIFF, JPEG, BMP, Interfile, GIF, PNG and RAW. Other non-standard image formats are also supported, but only with known dimensions (number of columns, rows and planes), bit depth per pixel, little endian or big endian, and the size of file header.3D-DOCTOR can process a wide variety of images, including CT (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), microscopy, industrial CT, seismic wave data, scientific volume data, 3D contours, and 3D cloud points. Images can be obtained from medical imaging devices or scanned from films or other image sources. 3D-DOCTOR supports TWAIN-compatible imaging devices and functions for cropping medical film images.3D-DOCTOR supports grayscale images in 4, 8, 12 and 16 bits, 1-bit black/white images, and 8 and 24 bit color images.
3D formats that 3D-DOCTOR support:
3D surface models created using the surface rendering commands can be saved as AutoCAD DXF, IGES, STL (ASCII and Binary), 3D Studio 3DS, VRML, Wavefront OBJ, raw triangles, and 3D-DOCTOR's own binary format.3D models created by 3D-DOCTOR are polygonal models, not NURB (non-uniform rational B-splines) models. The models are saved in the form of surface polygons and triangles when exported to the above formats, including IGES. Many NURB based CAD software supports polygonal model and have functions to import them as surface body, solid body or graphics model. There are also software tools available to convert a polygonal model to a NURB modeI
Limit on image size
3D-DOCTOR can handle very large 3D volume images thanks to the efficient memory management implementation. 3D-DOCTOR does not load an entire 3D volume into memory for processing, instead it only keeps what's needed in memory to get the best performance. 3D-DOCTOR is designed to handle image sizes way above what today's scanners can produce.It is always recommended to add more memory (RAM) to reduce disk swapping an erformance. 256MB RAM should be a reasonable point for most 3D medical images. Images are brought into 3D-DOCTOR by file. You can read an image file directly from a server where the image is stored when direct network access is available. If direct access is not available, you can copy the image file to a removable storage media (ZIP disk, CD, or tape) and then move the data file to the system where 3D-DOCTOR is installed. Read the image file into 3D-DOCTOR and start from there.If your image is on multiple films where each film has a matrix of slices, then simply scan the films using a regular image scanner with a transparency kit or a film scanner. Bring the scanned images into 3D-DOCTOR and then use the template based Crop Film command to separate the slices for 3D visualization with just a few simple mouse clicks.
Import raw image files from the Visible Human Project:
3D-DOCTOR can import the raw images files from the Visible Human Project for 3D rendering and modeling. Many 3D-DOCTOR users have successfully used the datasets to create anatomical model for research, education, product design, finite element analysis and other applications. The Visible Human Project is the creation of complete, anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of the normal male and female human bodies. Acquisition of transverse CT, MR and cryosection images of representative male and female cadavers has been completed. The male was sectioned at one millimeter intervals, the female at one-third of a millimeter intervals.
To import the files, use the "File/Raw Image File Import/Multiple Files" command. Add the raw data files to the list and enter the image size information (described in the README.TXT file in the image file folder).
3D SURFACE RENDERING:
D-DOCTOR's, 3D surface rendering commands create 3D surface models from object boundary lines or contours. The 3D surface model consists of triangle faces. Multiple objects can be combined together using 3D surface rendering.There are 2 surface rendering commands in 3D-DOCTOR: Simple Surface Rendering and Complex Surface Rendering. They both create 3D surface model but use different algorithms and are suitable for different objects. The simple surface rendering uses a proprietary algorithm to create smooth and simpler surface models. This method is fast and the models are better suited for rapid prototyping and volume calculation applications. The complex surface rendering uses a triangulation algorithm. This method is slow but robust, and is better for rendering objects with complicated branches and topologies. With 3D-DOCTOR, you can select the proper rendering method for an object and mix multiple objects created using different rendering methods for 3D display.
3D-DOCTOR.doc (Size: 3.65 MB / Downloads: 112)
ABSTRACT
3D-DOCTOR Software is used to extract information from image files to create 3D model. It was developed using object-oriented technology and provides efficient tools to process and analyze 3D images, object boundaries, 3D models and other associated data items in an easy-to-use environment. It does 3D image segmentation, 3D surface modeling, rendering, volume rendering, 3D image processing, disconsolation, registration, automatic alignment, measurements, and many other functions.3D-DOCTOR supports both grayscale and color images stored in DICOM, TIFF, Interfile, GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP, PGM, RAW or other image file formats. 3D-DOCTOR creates 3D surface models and volume rendering from 2D cross-section images in real time on your PC. Leading hospitals, medical schools and research organizations around the world are currently using 3D-DOCTOR.
INTRODUCTION
3D-DOCTOR is an advanced, 3D imaging software developed by Able Software Corp.It is an advanced 3D modeling, image processing and measurement software for MRI, CT, PET, microscopy, scientific, and industrial imaging applications. 3D-Doctor supports both grayscale and color images stored in DICOM, TIFF, Interfile, GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP, PGM, RAW or other image file formats. 3D-DOCTOR creates 3D surface models and volume rendering from 2D cross-section images in real time on your PC. You can export the polygonal mesh models to STL, DXF, IGES, 3DS, OBJ, VRML, XYZ and other formats for surgical planning, simulation, quantitative analysis and rapid prototyping applications. You can calculate 3D volume and make other 3D measurements for quantitative analysis. 3D-DOCTOR's vector-based tools support easy image data handling, measurement, and analysis.3D CT/MRI images can be re-sliced easily along an arbitrary axis. Multi-modality images can be registered to create image fusions. Misaligned slices can be automatically or semi-automatically aligned using 3D-DOCTOR's image alignment functions. Other image processing functions include template-based film cropping, image reslicing to correct slices of uneven thickness, volume resizing, and image rotation.The 3DBasic scripting tool makes it easy to create Basic-like sophisticated 3D imaging programs.This software does 3D image segmentation, 3D surface modeling, rendering, volume rendering, 3D image processing, deconvolution, registration, automatic alignment, measurements, and many other functions.
Steps to create 3D rendering from 2D image slices
The following lists the main 3D-DOCTOR functions and steps youcan use to create 3D rendering from your 2D image slices:
1. File/New Stack to add the slices to the stack list and open it.Or the File/Open command if the slices are already in a list or a single image file.
2. Function Keys F2 and F3 to zoom in and out. F5 and F6 to switch to the previous and next image slice. Click on the animation tool bar to fly through the slices. View/Image Contrast to adjust display contrast, etc.
3. Edit/Calibrations to enter image spatial/spectral resolution.
4. Edit/Object Settings to add new object groups for holding the boundary
data.
5. Use 3D Rendering/Auto Segment and define the number of objects
to be segmented for fast automatic segmentation. You can ase the 3D Rendering/Interactive Segment or Edit/Boundary Editor to trace object boundaries automatically or manually. The boundary data will be used by the following steps.
6. Use the 3D Rendering/Surface Rendering commands to create 3D
surface models. When the 3D surface models are displayed, use
View/Object to change the transparency and color properties and functions
under Tools submenu for further analysis.
7. Use the 3D Rendering/Volume Rendering to create 3D volume rendering
for 3D visualization.
3D Formats, Handling, and Reslicing
Image formats that 3D-DOCTOR support and which can be used: 3D-DOCTOR supports a variety of image formats in both 2D and 3D. These formats include DICOM, TIFF, JPEG, BMP, Interfile, GIF, PNG and RAW. Other non-standard image formats are also supported, but only with known dimensions (number of columns, rows and planes), bit depth per pixel, little endian or big endian, and the size of file header.3D-DOCTOR can process a wide variety of images, including CT (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), microscopy, industrial CT, seismic wave data, scientific volume data, 3D contours, and 3D cloud points. Images can be obtained from medical imaging devices or scanned from films or other image sources. 3D-DOCTOR supports TWAIN-compatible imaging devices and functions for cropping medical film images.3D-DOCTOR supports grayscale images in 4, 8, 12 and 16 bits, 1-bit black/white images, and 8 and 24 bit color images.
3D formats that 3D-DOCTOR support:
3D surface models created using the surface rendering commands can be saved as AutoCAD DXF, IGES, STL (ASCII and Binary), 3D Studio 3DS, VRML, Wavefront OBJ, raw triangles, and 3D-DOCTOR's own binary format.3D models created by 3D-DOCTOR are polygonal models, not NURB (non-uniform rational B-splines) models. The models are saved in the form of surface polygons and triangles when exported to the above formats, including IGES. Many NURB based CAD software supports polygonal model and have functions to import them as surface body, solid body or graphics model. There are also software tools available to convert a polygonal model to a NURB modeI
Limit on image size
3D-DOCTOR can handle very large 3D volume images thanks to the efficient memory management implementation. 3D-DOCTOR does not load an entire 3D volume into memory for processing, instead it only keeps what's needed in memory to get the best performance. 3D-DOCTOR is designed to handle image sizes way above what today's scanners can produce.It is always recommended to add more memory (RAM) to reduce disk swapping an erformance. 256MB RAM should be a reasonable point for most 3D medical images. Images are brought into 3D-DOCTOR by file. You can read an image file directly from a server where the image is stored when direct network access is available. If direct access is not available, you can copy the image file to a removable storage media (ZIP disk, CD, or tape) and then move the data file to the system where 3D-DOCTOR is installed. Read the image file into 3D-DOCTOR and start from there.If your image is on multiple films where each film has a matrix of slices, then simply scan the films using a regular image scanner with a transparency kit or a film scanner. Bring the scanned images into 3D-DOCTOR and then use the template based Crop Film command to separate the slices for 3D visualization with just a few simple mouse clicks.
Import raw image files from the Visible Human Project:
3D-DOCTOR can import the raw images files from the Visible Human Project for 3D rendering and modeling. Many 3D-DOCTOR users have successfully used the datasets to create anatomical model for research, education, product design, finite element analysis and other applications. The Visible Human Project is the creation of complete, anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of the normal male and female human bodies. Acquisition of transverse CT, MR and cryosection images of representative male and female cadavers has been completed. The male was sectioned at one millimeter intervals, the female at one-third of a millimeter intervals.
To import the files, use the "File/Raw Image File Import/Multiple Files" command. Add the raw data files to the list and enter the image size information (described in the README.TXT file in the image file folder).
3D SURFACE RENDERING:
D-DOCTOR's, 3D surface rendering commands create 3D surface models from object boundary lines or contours. The 3D surface model consists of triangle faces. Multiple objects can be combined together using 3D surface rendering.There are 2 surface rendering commands in 3D-DOCTOR: Simple Surface Rendering and Complex Surface Rendering. They both create 3D surface model but use different algorithms and are suitable for different objects. The simple surface rendering uses a proprietary algorithm to create smooth and simpler surface models. This method is fast and the models are better suited for rapid prototyping and volume calculation applications. The complex surface rendering uses a triangulation algorithm. This method is slow but robust, and is better for rendering objects with complicated branches and topologies. With 3D-DOCTOR, you can select the proper rendering method for an object and mix multiple objects created using different rendering methods for 3D display.