03-07-2012, 03:08 PM
Robotics
HISTORY OF ROBOTICS.docx (Size: 45.4 KB / Downloads: 41)
HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
Robotics is the science and technology of robots; their design, manufacturing and applications. The word robotics was first used in print by Isaac Asimov, in his science fiction story ‘Runaround’. There are, theoretically, three Laws of Robotics. The Laws of Robotics were developed by a small group of scientists who believe that robotics is the wave of the future.
1st law- A robot may not injure humanity, or, though inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
2nd law- A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm, unless this would violate a higher order law. This law was created so that mankind would seek not to create robots that would harm people.
3rd law-A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with a higher order law. And finally the final law is that a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with a higher order law. However a robot is a reprogram able, multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.
WHY ROBOTS
The working capabilities of human beings are somewhat lesser than the machines. Means though humans are the good workers but after a period of time when the work gets monotonous, they tend to lose the interest thereby tending to error in the work. And the most important is robots may be used to perform tasks that are too dangerous or difficult for humans to implement directly e.g. nuclear waste cleanup or may be used to automate repetitive tasks that can be performed more cheaply by a robot than by the employment of a human e.g. automobile production. These machines can be controlled and even reprogrammed to perform specific task over a period of time that are repetitive in nature.
TECHNOLOGY
The goal of robotics is to mimic natural systems as closely as possible for this designer need to draw inspiration from man and even birds and animals that communicates with the help of their wings and / or legs. Robotics requires a working knowledge of electronics, mechanics, and software. Most contemporary robots use open serial chains in which each link connects the one before to the one after it. These robots are called serial robots and often resemble the human arm. Some robots, such as the Stewart platform, use closed parallel kinematics chains.
We human beings posses the sensory system which makes us unique and it will require a lot of programming to equip robots with the same capabilities.
For example, even for moving the hand our muscles interact with the brain for the required action. But for a robot this is to be done through actuators and motors -MEMs present in the body of the system. Commonly for recognizing the pressure, force there are built -in- pressure sensors. The sensory system helps a lot for developing more effective robots. Robots use analog sensors for recognizing real world objects and digital computers for their direction. Analog to Digital converter converts the temperature, pressure, sound and images into binary codes for the robot’s computer. The computer directs the physical actions of arms and joints by pulsing their motors.The most common form of robot is a robotic arm, which is actually a basic element of robotic system. These arms are relatively easy to build and program because these only operate within a confined area. Some of most advanced robotic arms have such amenities as a rotating base, pivoting scolders, pivoting elbow, rotating wrist and gripper fingers. All of these amenities allow the robotic arm to do work that closely resembles what a man can do only without risk.
The structure of robots or technologies used can be preferred depending on conditions such smooth ground wheels or tracks are the best options. But robot designers prefer legs instead, because legs are as if the robot only needs to move over more adaptable and help researchers to understand actual locomotion.
HISTORY OF ROBOTICS.docx (Size: 45.4 KB / Downloads: 41)
HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
Robotics is the science and technology of robots; their design, manufacturing and applications. The word robotics was first used in print by Isaac Asimov, in his science fiction story ‘Runaround’. There are, theoretically, three Laws of Robotics. The Laws of Robotics were developed by a small group of scientists who believe that robotics is the wave of the future.
1st law- A robot may not injure humanity, or, though inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
2nd law- A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm, unless this would violate a higher order law. This law was created so that mankind would seek not to create robots that would harm people.
3rd law-A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with a higher order law. And finally the final law is that a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with a higher order law. However a robot is a reprogram able, multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.
WHY ROBOTS
The working capabilities of human beings are somewhat lesser than the machines. Means though humans are the good workers but after a period of time when the work gets monotonous, they tend to lose the interest thereby tending to error in the work. And the most important is robots may be used to perform tasks that are too dangerous or difficult for humans to implement directly e.g. nuclear waste cleanup or may be used to automate repetitive tasks that can be performed more cheaply by a robot than by the employment of a human e.g. automobile production. These machines can be controlled and even reprogrammed to perform specific task over a period of time that are repetitive in nature.
TECHNOLOGY
The goal of robotics is to mimic natural systems as closely as possible for this designer need to draw inspiration from man and even birds and animals that communicates with the help of their wings and / or legs. Robotics requires a working knowledge of electronics, mechanics, and software. Most contemporary robots use open serial chains in which each link connects the one before to the one after it. These robots are called serial robots and often resemble the human arm. Some robots, such as the Stewart platform, use closed parallel kinematics chains.
We human beings posses the sensory system which makes us unique and it will require a lot of programming to equip robots with the same capabilities.
For example, even for moving the hand our muscles interact with the brain for the required action. But for a robot this is to be done through actuators and motors -MEMs present in the body of the system. Commonly for recognizing the pressure, force there are built -in- pressure sensors. The sensory system helps a lot for developing more effective robots. Robots use analog sensors for recognizing real world objects and digital computers for their direction. Analog to Digital converter converts the temperature, pressure, sound and images into binary codes for the robot’s computer. The computer directs the physical actions of arms and joints by pulsing their motors.The most common form of robot is a robotic arm, which is actually a basic element of robotic system. These arms are relatively easy to build and program because these only operate within a confined area. Some of most advanced robotic arms have such amenities as a rotating base, pivoting scolders, pivoting elbow, rotating wrist and gripper fingers. All of these amenities allow the robotic arm to do work that closely resembles what a man can do only without risk.
The structure of robots or technologies used can be preferred depending on conditions such smooth ground wheels or tracks are the best options. But robot designers prefer legs instead, because legs are as if the robot only needs to move over more adaptable and help researchers to understand actual locomotion.