21-12-2010, 05:08 PM
Migration From GSM Network To GPRS03.ppt (Size: 975.5 KB / Downloads: 103)
Presented BY :
LALIT Kumar
Department of Information Technology
Migration From GSM Network To GPRS
Contents
GSM
GSM HISTORY
GSM SERVICES
GSM SYSTEM STRUCTURE
SECURITY IN GSM
GSM OPERATION
GSM APPILICATION
GPRS
BENEFITS OF GPRS
GPRS SERVICES
GPRS TERMINAL
GPRS NETWORK ELEMENT
GPRS ARTITECTURE
GPRS BACKBONE NETWORK
COMPARISON BETWEEN GSM AND GPRS
What is GSM ?
Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation
GSM HISTORY :
• Developed by Group Spéciale Mobile (founded 1982) which was an initiative of CEPT ( Conference of European Post and Telecommunication )
• Aim : to replace the incompatible analog system
• Presently the responsibility of GSM standardization resides with special mobile group under ETSI ( European telecommunication Standards Institute )
Full set of specifications phase-I became available in 1990
• Under ETSI, GSM is named as “ Global System for Mobile communication “
• Today many providers all over the world use GSM (more than 135
countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, America)
• More than 1300 million subscribers in world and 45 million subscriber in India.
GSM IN WORLD
GSM IN INDIA
GSM Services
Tele-services
Bearer or Data Services
Supplementary services
Tele Services
• Telecommunication services that enable voice communication
via mobile phones
• Offered services
- Mobile telephony
- Emergency calling
Bearer Services
Include various data services for information transfer between GSM and other networks like PSTN, ISDN etc at rates from 300 to 9600 bps
Short Message Service (SMS)
up to 160 character alphanumeric data transmission to/from the mobile terminal
Unified Messaging Services(UMS)
Group 3 fax
Voice mailbox
Electronic mail
Supplementary Services
Call related services :
Call Waiting- Notification of an incoming call while on the handset
Call Hold- Put a caller on hold to take another call
Call Barring- All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls
Call Forwarding- Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user
Multi Party Call Conferencing - Link multiple calls together
CLIP – Caller line identification presentation
CLIR – Caller line identification restriction
CUG – Closed user group
GSM System Structure
Mobile Station (MS)
Mobile Equipment (ME)
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
Base Station Subsystem (BSS)
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
Base Station Controller (BSC)
Network Switching Subsystem(NSS)
Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
Home Location Register (HLR)
Visitor Location Register (VLR)
Authentication Center (AUC)
Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
System StructureMobile Station (MS)
The Mobile Station is made up of two entities:
Mobile Equipment (ME)
2. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
System StructureBase Station Subsystem (BSS)
Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts that communicate across the standardized Abis interface allowing operation between components made by different suppliers
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
Base Station Controller (BSC)
System StructureNetwork Switching Subsystem(NSS)
Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
Home Location Registers (HLR)
Visitor Location Registers (VLR)
Authentication Center (AUC)
Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
Security in GSM
On air interface, GSM uses encryption and TMSI instead of IMSI.
SIM is provided 4-8 digit PIN to validate the ownership of SIM
3 algorithms are specified :
- A3 algorithm for authentication
- A5 algorithm for encryption
- A8 algorithm for key generation
Characteristics of GSM Standard
Fully digital system using 900,1800 MHz frequency band.
TDMA over radio carriers(200 KHz carrier spacing.
8 full rate or 16 half rate TDMA channels per carrier.
User/terminal authentication for fraud control.
Encryption of speech and data transmission over the radio path.
Full international roaming capability.
Low speed data services (upto 9.6 Kb/s).
Compatibility with ISDN.
Support of Short Message Service (SMS).
GSM Applications
Mobile telephony
GSM-R
Telemetry System
- Fleet management
- Automatic meter reading
- Toll Collection
- Remote control and fault reporting of DG sets
Value Added Services
Future Of GSM
2nd Generation
GSM -9.6 Kbps (data rate)
2.5 Generation ( Future of GSM)
HSCSD (High Speed ckt Switched data)
Data rate : 76.8 Kbps (9.6 x 8 kbps)
GPRS (General Packet Radio service)
Data rate: 14.4 - 115.2 Kbps
EDGE (Enhanced data rate for GSM Evolution)
Data rate: 547.2 Kbps (max)
3 Generation
WCDMA(Wide band CDMA)
Data rate : 0.348 – 2.0 Mbps
Constraints with existing network
Data Rates too slow – about 9.6 kbps
Connection setup time too long
Inefficient resource utilization for bursty traffic
Proves expensive for bursty traffic utilization
No efficient method for packet transfers
What is GPRS ?
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new bearer service for GSM that greatly improves and simplifies wireless access to packet data networks
GPRS applies packet radio principal to transfer user data packets in an efficient way b/w MS & external packet data network
Benefits of GPRS
New Data Services
High Speed (Data Rate 14.4 – 115 kbps)
Efficient use of radio bandwith (Statistical Multiplexing)
Circuit switching & Packet Switching can be used in parallel
Constant connectivity
Salient Features of GPRS
Important step on the path to 3G
Standardized by ETSI
GPRS is an overlay network over the GSM
Provides Data Packet delivery service
Support for leading internet communication protocols
Billing based on volume of data transferred
Utilizes existing GSM authentication and privacy procedures.
High Data Rate
GPRS uses radio channel i.e. 200 kHz wide
Radio channel carries digital data stream of 271 kbps
This rate is divided into 8 time slots each carrying 34 kbps per time slot
Data rate 14 kbps per time slot achieved after corrections
GPRS can combine upto 8 time slots giving data rate of 114 kbps
GPRS Services
Offers end-to-end packet switched data transfer
Bearer Services
PTP - Point-To-Point service (CLNS mode)
PTM - Point-To-Multipoint service(CONS Mode)
PTM-M Multicast service
PTM-G Group call service
Supplementary Services
SMS Short Message Service
CFU Call Forwarding Unconditional
GPRS Services (Contd.)
CFNRc Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber not reachable
CUG Closed User Group
Tele action, access to data bases
Quality of Service
GPRS allows defining QoS profiles
Service precedence, reliability, delay,throughput
GPRS Terminals
Class A
MS supports simultaneous operation of GPRS and GSM services
Class B
MS able to register with the n/w for both GPRS & GSM services simultaneously. It can only use one of the two services at a given time.
Class C
MS can attach for either GPRS or GSM services
GPRS Network Elements
GPRS Architecture is same as GSM except few hardware modifications :
GPRS includes GSNs
SGSN : Serving GPRS Support Node
GGSN : Gateway GPRS Support Node
GPRS Register
GPRS Backbone Network
GSNs are connected through IP based backbone
Two Backbones:
Intra PLMN backbone networks that connects GSNs of the same PLMN & are private IP networks
Inter PLMN backbone networks that connects GSNs of the different PLMN. Roaming agreement is necessary
GPRS Tunneling protocol (GTP)
PLMN- Inter PLMN interconnect are called Border gateways (performs security functions to protect Intra- PLMN backbone against unauthorized users and attacks).
Applications of GPRS
Web browsing
Corporate & Internet Email
Vehicle Positioning
Remote LAN Access
Home Automation
Document Sharing/Collaborative working