27-07-2011, 12:14 PM
Presented by:-
SAFDAR HUSSAIN NAJMI
KESHAV KUMAR
YASHVIN GUPTA
nano robotics---najmi.ppt (Size: 1.44 MB / Downloads: 100)
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an introduction to the world of swarm robots and adumbrates its applications.
It is currently one of the most important application areas for swarm intelligence.
These robots can spy in any region without any danger of being detected.
Swarm provides the possibility of enhanced task performance ,high reliability ,low unit complexity and decreased cost over traditional robotic systems.
Swarm-bots are a collection of mobile robots able to self assemble and to self-organise in order to solve problems that can’t be solved by single robot.
They are applied to many fields, such as flexible manufacturing system ,space craft, inspection ,maintenance, construction ,agriculture and medicine work.
INTRODUCTION
The emerging field of nano robotics deals with both the designs of nano scale machines and controlled manipulation of nano sized objects.
Medical science will be the first application to reap the benefits of nano robot
A major advantage that nanorobots provide is durability ,as theoritically they can lasts for years.
WHAT IS NANOROBOTICS ?
Programmable assembly of nm-scale components either by manipulation with macro or micro devices, or by directed self-assembly.
Design and fabrication of robots with overall dimensions at or below the mm range and made of nm-scale components.
Programming and coordination of large numbers (swarms) of such nanorobots.
EVOLUTION OF SWARM
Researchers try to examine hoe collections of animals, such as flocks ,herds and schools , move in a way that appears to be orchestrated. A flock of birds moves like a well choreographed dancce troup. How can they coordinate their action so well.
In 1987 Reynolds created a ‘BIOD’ model, which is a distributed model, to simulate on a computer yhe motion of a flock of birds.
The swarm behaviour of simulated flock is the result of the dense interaction of relatively simple behaviours of the individual biods.
SWARM ROBOTICS
Swarm robotics is a new approach to the coordination of multirobot systems which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.
SWARM INTELLIGENCE
Swarm Intelligence systems are typically made up of a population of simple agents or boids interacting locally with one another and with their environment. The agents follow very simple rules, and although there is no centralized control structure dictating how individual agents should behave, interactions between such agents lead to the emergence of "intelligent" global behavior, unknown to the individual agents. Natural examples of SI include ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, bacterial growth, and fish schooling.
The application of swarm principles to robots is called swarm robotics, while 'swarm intelligence' refers to the more general set of algorithms.
GOALS AND APPLICATIONS
Both miniaturization and cost are key-factors in swarm robotics. These are the constraints in building large groups of robotics; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized. This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level.
Potential applications for swarm robotics include tasks that demand for miniaturization (nanorobotics, microbotics), like distributed sensing tasks in micromachinery or the human body. On the other hand swarm robotics can be suited to tasks that demand cheap designs, for instance mining tasks or agricultural foraging tasks. Also some artists use swarm robotic techniques to realize new forms of interactive art.
THE WATER SKATER ROBOT
Robots are getting so light that they can be made to stand on the surface of water without breaking the surface tension. There is a big difference between something that floats in the water and something that just stands on top of it without getting wet.
A bug like robot inspired by insects that skate across water has been engineered. The machine is about 7cm.
SELF RECONFIGURING MODULAR ROBOT
Modular self-reconfiguring robotic systems or self-reconfigurable modular robots are autonomous kinematic machines with variable morphology.
For example, a robot made of such components could assume a worm-like shape to move through a narrow pipe, reassemble into something with spider-like legs to cross uneven terrain, then form a third arbitrary object (like a ball or wheel that can spin itself) to move quickly over a fairly flat terrain; it can also be used for making "fixed" objects, such as walls, shelters, or buildings.
Each module has its own computer and communicates via infrared connections
CHAIN ROBOTS
SNAKE ROBOT
Chain robots are the long chains that can connect to one another at specified points. Depending on the number of chains and where they connect ,these robots can resemble snakes or spiders. They can also become rolling loops or bipedal walking robots. A set of modular chains could navigate an obstacle by crawling like snake ,crossing rocky terrain as spider or riding tricycle across a bridge.
SPIDER ROBOT
TET-WALKER
The TETWALKER stands for tetrahedral walker. It is designed for robots that uses a unique form of locomotion based on shifting of the centre of mass of a tetrahedron.
Tetwalker can further be shrinked to nano size and join the troops of the swarm to carry out a diverse set of tasks.
TET WALKER
ADVANTAGES --DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES :-
High durablity.
Very less chance of being detected.
Can be used in almost every field.
Highly smart technology.
DISADVANTAGES:-
High cost.
Implimentation difficulties.
SCOPE AND FUTURE
Robots are going to be an important part of future. Once robots are useful, groups of robots are the next step, and will have tremendious potential to benefit mankind. Software designed to run on large groups of robots is the key needed to unlock this potential.
Work on nanorobot construction has begun at a low level and will increase as the project evolves.
CONCLUSION
There are some huge questions yet to be answered. How far can we take nanorobotics before it interferes our basic humanity
However, the control design and the development of complex nano systems with high performance can be well used to pave the way for future use of nanorobotics. With the emerging era of molecular engineering , the new approaches of nanorobotics behaviour are expected to have a great impact for an effective development on nanorobotics.
SAFDAR HUSSAIN NAJMI
KESHAV KUMAR
YASHVIN GUPTA
nano robotics---najmi.ppt (Size: 1.44 MB / Downloads: 100)
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an introduction to the world of swarm robots and adumbrates its applications.
It is currently one of the most important application areas for swarm intelligence.
These robots can spy in any region without any danger of being detected.
Swarm provides the possibility of enhanced task performance ,high reliability ,low unit complexity and decreased cost over traditional robotic systems.
Swarm-bots are a collection of mobile robots able to self assemble and to self-organise in order to solve problems that can’t be solved by single robot.
They are applied to many fields, such as flexible manufacturing system ,space craft, inspection ,maintenance, construction ,agriculture and medicine work.
INTRODUCTION
The emerging field of nano robotics deals with both the designs of nano scale machines and controlled manipulation of nano sized objects.
Medical science will be the first application to reap the benefits of nano robot
A major advantage that nanorobots provide is durability ,as theoritically they can lasts for years.
WHAT IS NANOROBOTICS ?
Programmable assembly of nm-scale components either by manipulation with macro or micro devices, or by directed self-assembly.
Design and fabrication of robots with overall dimensions at or below the mm range and made of nm-scale components.
Programming and coordination of large numbers (swarms) of such nanorobots.
EVOLUTION OF SWARM
Researchers try to examine hoe collections of animals, such as flocks ,herds and schools , move in a way that appears to be orchestrated. A flock of birds moves like a well choreographed dancce troup. How can they coordinate their action so well.
In 1987 Reynolds created a ‘BIOD’ model, which is a distributed model, to simulate on a computer yhe motion of a flock of birds.
The swarm behaviour of simulated flock is the result of the dense interaction of relatively simple behaviours of the individual biods.
SWARM ROBOTICS
Swarm robotics is a new approach to the coordination of multirobot systems which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.
SWARM INTELLIGENCE
Swarm Intelligence systems are typically made up of a population of simple agents or boids interacting locally with one another and with their environment. The agents follow very simple rules, and although there is no centralized control structure dictating how individual agents should behave, interactions between such agents lead to the emergence of "intelligent" global behavior, unknown to the individual agents. Natural examples of SI include ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, bacterial growth, and fish schooling.
The application of swarm principles to robots is called swarm robotics, while 'swarm intelligence' refers to the more general set of algorithms.
GOALS AND APPLICATIONS
Both miniaturization and cost are key-factors in swarm robotics. These are the constraints in building large groups of robotics; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized. This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level.
Potential applications for swarm robotics include tasks that demand for miniaturization (nanorobotics, microbotics), like distributed sensing tasks in micromachinery or the human body. On the other hand swarm robotics can be suited to tasks that demand cheap designs, for instance mining tasks or agricultural foraging tasks. Also some artists use swarm robotic techniques to realize new forms of interactive art.
THE WATER SKATER ROBOT
Robots are getting so light that they can be made to stand on the surface of water without breaking the surface tension. There is a big difference between something that floats in the water and something that just stands on top of it without getting wet.
A bug like robot inspired by insects that skate across water has been engineered. The machine is about 7cm.
SELF RECONFIGURING MODULAR ROBOT
Modular self-reconfiguring robotic systems or self-reconfigurable modular robots are autonomous kinematic machines with variable morphology.
For example, a robot made of such components could assume a worm-like shape to move through a narrow pipe, reassemble into something with spider-like legs to cross uneven terrain, then form a third arbitrary object (like a ball or wheel that can spin itself) to move quickly over a fairly flat terrain; it can also be used for making "fixed" objects, such as walls, shelters, or buildings.
Each module has its own computer and communicates via infrared connections
CHAIN ROBOTS
SNAKE ROBOT
Chain robots are the long chains that can connect to one another at specified points. Depending on the number of chains and where they connect ,these robots can resemble snakes or spiders. They can also become rolling loops or bipedal walking robots. A set of modular chains could navigate an obstacle by crawling like snake ,crossing rocky terrain as spider or riding tricycle across a bridge.
SPIDER ROBOT
TET-WALKER
The TETWALKER stands for tetrahedral walker. It is designed for robots that uses a unique form of locomotion based on shifting of the centre of mass of a tetrahedron.
Tetwalker can further be shrinked to nano size and join the troops of the swarm to carry out a diverse set of tasks.
TET WALKER
ADVANTAGES --DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES :-
High durablity.
Very less chance of being detected.
Can be used in almost every field.
Highly smart technology.
DISADVANTAGES:-
High cost.
Implimentation difficulties.
SCOPE AND FUTURE
Robots are going to be an important part of future. Once robots are useful, groups of robots are the next step, and will have tremendious potential to benefit mankind. Software designed to run on large groups of robots is the key needed to unlock this potential.
Work on nanorobot construction has begun at a low level and will increase as the project evolves.
CONCLUSION
There are some huge questions yet to be answered. How far can we take nanorobotics before it interferes our basic humanity
However, the control design and the development of complex nano systems with high performance can be well used to pave the way for future use of nanorobotics. With the emerging era of molecular engineering , the new approaches of nanorobotics behaviour are expected to have a great impact for an effective development on nanorobotics.