29-09-2016, 03:10 PM
1456853034-EOGBASEDWHEELCHAIRCONTROLANDSMARTHOMEFORPARALYZEDPERSON.docx (Size: 214.35 KB / Downloads: 6)
ABSTRACT:
The paralyzed persons always need some others help for moving from one place to another and also to operate the home appliances ,this is faced not only by the paralyzed people but also by the elderly one. In the existing system the wheel chairs are moved with the help of manually operating switches ,it is difficult for handicap and paralyzed persons thus in our paper we are proposing the idea of controlling the wheel chair with the help of EOG sensor ,which is in the form of spectacles which will detect the waves generated during the movement of eye ball .It is then compared with the range and the wheel chair is moved forward, backward, left and right according to the value obtained. In order to control the home appliances, android mobile is connected to the wheel chair and with the help of voice recognition appliances are controlled.
. INTRODUCTION
In many cases, the eye muscles of paralysed people are one of the few controllable muscles that still function well. Therefore, using the eye-gaze as an interface for paralysed or physically disabled people has been of interest . The particular project is useful for the patients where they can move their wheelchair in their own directions, without any third party’s help or support .In this project, there will be a wheel chair model as a ROBOT model, which will contain an in-built MICRO CONTROLLER and EYE BALL SENSING system, which will do the functions like right, left, forward and reverse operations. The people with disabilities do not have the dexterity necessary to control a switch on an electrical wheelchair. This can be a great difficulty for the quadriplegics who are permanently unable to move any of their arms or legs. They can use only their voice commands. The aim of this study is to implement an interesting application using small vocabulary word recognition system. The methodology adopted is based on grouping a microcontroller with a speech recognization app. The resulting design is also used to control a wheelchair and home appliances for a handicapped person based on the vocal command. Through this feature the patients can enable movements of their wheelchair as per their desire and control home appliances too.
HARDWARE
1.Power Supply
The power supply block consist of step down transformer, bridge rectifier, filter circuit and voltage regulator. These components are used to convert 230V to 5V.
In the project the motors are controlled through the relays which is connected through UL2003A.To operate the relay, the output current from the microcontroller is not sufficient to actuate the relay. So the UL2003A is used to amplify the output current of the microcontroller. Thus the relays can be actuated to control the motor.
3.Bluetooth
The technology allows users to form wireless connections between various communication devices, in order to transmit real-time voice and data communications. It uses frequency hopping spread spectrum, which changes its signal 9600 times per second which helps to avoid interception by unauthorized parties. In addition software controls and identity coding built into each microchip ensure that only those units preset by their owners can communicate.
4.ATMEL AT89C52
The AT89c52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. It consist of 40 pins where 32 pins for I/O. It consist of 4 ports. Port 1 (0-7) is for connecting ADC values. Port 0 is for LCD display command function. Port 3 is for connecting the driver circuit for driving the load. Port 3 consist of Rx and Tx pin which is used to connect the bluetooth for serial communication.
5.Eyeball sensor
The EOG method obtains the gaze direction by sensing the Electro-oculographic potential. The cornea-retinal potential from eyeball is called Electro-oculogram. The potential is acquired by the electrodes in the form of goggle. An electrode is attached by the ear to provide reference voltage. These electrodes send the electrical signals to two EOG circuits of similar design to detect the horizontal and vertical movement of the pupil. This information is sent for computation. The big advantage of this method is the ability to detect eye movements even when they are closed.
6.ADC
The analog to digital converter is used to convert the analog signal generated from the eyeball sensor into digital 8 bit values. It is given as an input to the micro controller.
7.LCD
LCD is used to display the current status of the output response. here 2*8 bit LCD is used which is capable of producing 80 characters in two lines.
SOFTWARE
1.KEIL software
KEIL Software is the leading vendor for 8/16-bit development tools. The KEIL C51 Compiler is the de facto industry standard and supports more than 500 current 8051 device variants.The coding for the prototype has been compiled using keil software. The output is obtained once the code is corrected.
2.Embedded C
Embedded C is designed to bridge the performance mismatch between Standard C and the embedded hardware and application architecture. It extends the C language with the primitives that are needed by signal-processing applications. The Embedded C specification extends the C language to support freestanding embedded processors in exploiting the multiple address space functionality, user-defined named address spaces, and direct access to processor and I/O registers. The features introduced by Embedded C are fixed-point and saturated arithmetic, segmented memory spaces, and hardware I/O addressing.
3.Android app
Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel. The project responsible for developing the Android system is called the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) and is primarily lead by Google.
WHEEL CHAIR CONTROL BASED ON EYE BALL MOVEMENT
The signal produced by the eyeball sensor is converted into the digital signal and those values are taken and used in coding the microcontroller.
Whenever the person use the eyeball application mode then the eyeball will sense the eyeball movement and according to the position of the eyeball the digital values will be passed to the controller then the controller will check it with the value used in the coding if it matches then the controller will pass the command us programmed to the driver circuit .The driver circuit will then start the movement of the wheelchair as commanded. The wheel chair will be in movement until the command changes or the delay timing ends.
VOICE RECOGNITION APP
In this an application has been created to recognize the voice command. When the input voice command is given the app will check the command and pass the command in digital us programmed to the controller via bluetooth, then the microcontroller will pass the command to the driver circuit .It will in turn control the home appliances and also the wheel chair.The commands