12-04-2013, 03:14 PM
A research in artificial sand
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WHY ARTIFICIAL SAND IS PREPARED?
There is scarcity of natural sand due to heavy demand in growing construction activities which forces to find the suitable substitute.
The cheapest and the easiest way of getting substitute for natural sand is by crushing natural stone to get artificial sand of desired size and grade which would be free from all impurities.
For the purpose of experimentation concrete mixes are designed for M20, M30 and M40 grades by 100% replacement of natural sand to artificial sand.
The artificial sand concrete is reinforced with crimpled steel fibers at the dosage rate of volume fraction 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% and its mechanical properties namely cube compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength are presented in the paper.
NEED FOR ARTIFICIAL SAND
Artificial sand is widely used in highway construction, concrete making, etc.
As the field of industry application gradually expanded, the gradual application of natural sand failed to keep pace with the various sectors of modern world development needs.
In this case, machine-made sand is produced to meet the great needs.
There are many kinds of rocks that could be used to make sand, there are Granite, Natural river pebbles, Basalt, limestone and so on.
Artificial Sand Making Process
The stone material is sent regularly by the vibrating feeder to the primary jaw crusher, then it is sent to the secondary jaw crusher to be crushed again.
The crushed material then is sent by belt conveyor to vibrating screen to be separated.
The suitable size can be sent to the sand making machine, while unsuitable material is sent back to the secondary jaw crusher to be crushed again.
The crushed material from the sand making machine is sent back to the vibrating screen to be separated.
Cont…..
Benefits Of Artificial Sand
Simple structure, easy maintenance
Stable performance
Flexible capacity
Over loading protection
Stable performance
even final particles and high crushing ratio
High efficiency and low operation cost
Alternative ordinary and hydraulic types
RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL SAND
It was found that the compressive, flexural, split tensile strength and durability studies of concrete made of quarry rock dust in varying proportions were higher than those of conventional concrete by using natural sand as fine aggregate.
The workability of the concrete mixes decreased with an increase in percentage of stone dust.
It indicates that water requirement is higher in such concrete to maintain desired workability [1-6].
In these studies various mechanical properties were studied and mathematical models were presented using natural sand as the fine aggregate.
Considering the scarcity of natural sand, the feasibility of artificial sand as fine aggregate was proved and reported consistent higher results.
In the present experimental study the feasibility of artificial sand with crimpled steel fibers is studied.
This study reports the experimental results of the strength properties of the steel fiber reinforced natural sand and artificial sand concrete, namely cube compressive strength with fiber volume dosage from 0% to 2.0%, flexural strength and split tensile strength with fiber volume dosage from 0% to 1.5%.
Advantages of artificial sand
Based on the present study of SFRNSC and SFRASC, following conclusions are drawn:
It is observed that there is consistent increase in the strength of plain concrete when natural sand is fully replaced by artificial sand.
The sharp edges of the particles in artificial sand provide better bond with cement than the rounded particles of natural sand resulting in higher strength.
The increase in compressive stress is marginal as compared to flexural and split tensile strength.
Considering the workability and balling effect of the fibres, the optimum volume fraction of fibre is 1.5%.
To get the design degree of workability, the use of super plasticizer was essential.
The excessive bleeding of concrete is reduced by using artificial sand.
CONCLUSIONS
The cost of artificial sand is in the range of 40% to 70% to that of natural sand and considering cost of screening, washing and wastage due to oversize particles of natural sand, the artificial sand concrete will be about 15% to 25% cheaper than that of natural sand concrete.
The test results obtained from well planed and carefully performed experimental programme encourages the full replacement of natural sand by artificial sand considering the technical, environmental and commercial factors.