02-02-2013, 03:39 PM
A technical seminar report on PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES
1PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES.docx (Size: 476.47 KB / Downloads: 608)
ABSTRACT
A prefabricated structure or building is a structure that has several factory built components that are assembled on a site. These pre-made components can consist of panels, modules or transportable sections.
Constructing manufactured homes typically involves connecting plumbing and electrical lines across the sections, and sealing the sections together.
Manufactured homes can be built onto a permanent foundation, and if designed correctly, can be difficult to distinguish from a stick-built home to the untrained eye.
The entire fabrication works are done using contemporary architectural principles.0these structures are more advantageous than conventional one’s.
In this paper, we discussed about the concept, application areas, advantages, and disadvantages of the modular houses.
INTRODUCTION:
A prefabricated structure or building is a structure that has several factory built components that are assembled on a site. These pre-made components can consist of panels, modules or transportable sections.
WORD ORIGIN
The word "Prefab" is not an industry term like modular home, manufactured home, panellized home, or site-built home. The term is an amalgamation of panellized and modular building systems, and can mean either one. In today's usage the term "Prefab" is more closely related to the style of home, usually modernist, rather than to a particular method of home construction.
History of prefab buildings:
Buildings have been built in one place and reassembled in another throughout history. Possibly the first advertised prefab house was the Manning Portable Cottage. A London carpenter, Henry Manning, constructed a house that was built in components, then shipped and assembled by British emigrants.
This was published at the time (advertisement, South Australian Record, 1837) and a few still stand in Australia. One such is the “Friends Meeting House, Adelaide”. The peak year for the importation of portable buildings to Australia was 1853, when several hundred arrived. These have been identified as coming from Liverpool, Boston and Singapore (with Chinese instructions for re-assembly). In Barbados the Chattel house was a form of prefabricated building which was developed by emancipated slaves who had limited rights to build upon land they did not own. As the buildings were moveable they were legally regarded as chattels.
Concept of prefabricated buildings:
"Prefabricated" may refer to buildings built in components (e.g. panels), modules (modular homes) or transportable sections (manufactured homes), and may also be used to refer as mobile homes, i.e., houses on wheels. Although similar, the methods and design of the three vary wildly. There are two-level home plans, as well as custom home plans. There are considerable differences in the construction types Modular homes are created in sections, and then transported to the home site for construction and installation. These are typically installed and treated like a regular house, for financing, appraisal and construction purposes, and are usually the most expensive of the three. Although the sections of the house are prefabricated, the sections, or modules, are put together at the construction much like a typical home. Manufactured and mobile houses are rated as personal property and depreciate over time.
The modular houses are constructed in accordance with the IBC (International Building Code).
Constructing manufactured homes typically involves connecting plumbing and electrical lines across the sections, and sealing the sections. Manufactured homes can be built onto a permanent foundation, and if designed correctly, can be difficult to distinguish from a stick-built home to the untrained eye.
Manufactured homes are typically purchased from a retail sales company, initially assembled by a local contracting company, and follow-up repairs performed by the manufactured home company under warranty.
A manufactured home, once assembled, goes through a "settling-in" period, where the home will settle into its location. During this period, some drywall cracking may appear, and any incorrectly installed appliances, wiring, or plumbing should be repaired, hopefully under warranty. If not covered under warranty, the costs will be borne by the consumer. For this reason, it is important that the consumer ensure that a reputable and honest contractor is used for the initial set-up. If any repairs are not completed by the initial set-up crew, the manufacturer will send repair crews to repair anything covered by the warranty. The secondary repair team must be scheduled, and may not be available immediately for most repairs. Just because a manufactured home has been assembled does not mean it is immediately inhabitable; appropriate ventilation, heating, plumbing, and electrical systems must be installed by a set-up crew, otherwise, the buyer must wait for the manufacturer repair team or do it themselves.
ERECTION OF COMPONENTS
The Standard Prefabricated Building System consists of a Welded Tubular and Structural Steel Frame with a Panelised Wall and Roof System. The Floor is Structural Grade Plywood with Vinyl Composition Tile. A complete Electrical system is provided and includes Lights, Duplex Outlets, Switches, Sub Panel, Breakers, Conduits and Wiring. HVAC package is mounted in a Pre-framed Panel and supplies Cooling, Heating and Fresh Air.
All building components are prefabricated and completely modular in design. Prefabricated Buildings can be designed for Interior or Exterior use.
CONCLUSION:
Due to the flexibility of the structure in expandability and appearance this prefab houses are the best choice. From the several advantages like reusability, high scrap value, durability, less construction time makes this user friendly. Also, they can be installed in passive weather conditions also.