09-10-2012, 11:51 AM
WEATHER MONITORING AND INSTRUMENT CONTROL SYSTEM USING MICROCONTROLLER
WEATHER MONITORING.doc (Size: 25.5 KB / Downloads: 58)
Introduction:-
The project (weather onitoring station) is based on the application of 8051 microcontroller (any microcontroller of 8051 family can be used). The data logger detects the environmental conditions & gives the relevant information to the user about the weather conditions such as temperature,humidity,rain fall level (etc). The information can be of great use for the monitoring of weather for the agricultural and industrial purposes. The information can be received by the user by various means such as direct display over lcd which is in built in the module itself, through the sms & through the web. The data logger can be used for the industrial applications. It monitors the temperature & detects the other parameters of weathor present at the particular place on real time basis. The information of the same is forwarded by the data logger itself as a sms to the supervisor informing on his cellphone about the rise in temperature or in some cases the chnage of parameters. This economical device (microcontroller based) is of great use for industrial purposes.
Sensor used in this project are :
i. Temperature sensors
ii. Humidity sensors
iii. Wind speed and direction sensors
i. Temperature sensors:
There are many types and kinds of Temperature sensors used in different applications. Some types of Temperature sensors are as follows:
Thermocouples | Resistance – RTDs & PRTs & SPRTs | Thermistors | Labels & Crayons & Paints (Phase Change Devices) | Glass Thermometers (LIG) | Filled Systems Thermometers | Bimetallic Thermometers (Bimetal) | Semiconductor Thermometers (Integrated Circuits or ICs & Diodes) | Liquid Crystal | Thermowells | | Extension & Compensation Cable | Connectors | Cold Junctions
But here in our project we will use LM35 temperature sensor, which analog temperature sensor and easy to use in application like this. The microcontroller has do little in the regard.
ii. Humidity sensors
Relative humidity/temperature and relative humidity sensors are configured with integrated circuitry to provide on-chip signal conditioning. Absorption-based humidity sensors provide both temperature and %RH (Relative Humidity) outputs.
The humidity sensor could be used:
Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter Series HMT360
HMT330,HMT360 ,HMT310 ,HMT120/130 ,HMD/W60/70 ,HMW80 ,HMD40/50 ,HMT300TMK
HM44 ,HM70 ,HMI41 ,HMP155 ,OEM Modules ,HMM100 ,HMT330MIK ,DTR500 ,HMP60
HMP110 ,HMK15 ,HM34 ,HIH-4000 Series ,HIH-3610 Series ,HIH Series
But we will use HIH-4000 series humidity sensor in this project.
iii. Wind speed and direction sensors
Anemometer and wind vane with crossarm and power supply. Designed for demanding wind measurement applications. Vaisala Wind Set WA15 or Vaisala Wind Set WA25 or Vaisala Wind Sensor WM30 Combined mechanical wind speed and direction sensor. The WM30 is compact and light, rigid and affordable. Low power consumption makes it ideal also for mobile applications.Measures the horizontal wind speed using a Reed-contact which is activated by the revolution of the cup-star. Best price / performance-ratio for basic requirements, includes 20 m cable. Measures horizontal wind direction. The measuring values are output as ohmic resistance signals.
The Anemometer
Anemometer is an important part of any weather monitoring station.
The anemometer measures wind speed and direction. The anemometer wind speed operating range is up to 125 miles per hour and has a accuracy resolution of +/- (plus or minus) 0.4mph. In steady wind conditions the anemometer transmits new readings to the display unit once every minute; in gusty conditions, gust updating occurs every 14-seconds. Wind direction operating range is 0oF to 359oF. Data transmission to the display unit occurs every 5-seconds. The anemometer is powered by a solar cell with battery backup.