09-10-2012, 11:09 AM
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION.pptx (Size: 2.66 MB / Downloads: 100)
Introduction
Construction is a process that consists of making the buildings and erecting the infrastructure.
Modern construction is a combination of civil, architectural and structural engineering.
Basic amenities for Life – Food, Clothing and Shelter
Construction technology evolved to provide the shelter for human beings
With growing needs of man it was extended to construction of bridges, dams, roads, railways etc.
Today’s scene – Malls, Commercial complexes, skyscrapers .
(Result of continuous development in construction technology)
Rise of new industry – “The Real Estate industry”
TIMELINE
Ancient Mesopotamia:
The earliest large scale buildings were built in ancient Mesopotamia.
These structures were the palaces and temples.
Materials: Mud brick formed in wooden moulds.
Mud bricks became very popular for construction.
The later Mesopotamian civilizations developed glazed brickwork which was used for
decorating the interior and exterior of buildings.
Ancient Egypt:
In contrast to Mesopotamian structures in brick, the Egyptians built structures in stone.
Adobe (sun-baked mud brick) construction was used for buildings and houses.
The grandest buidings were constructed in stone using massive masonry blocks.
Egyptians achieved extraordinary feats of Engineering using relatively primitive technology.
As per the evidences they did not use wheels or pulleys.
They transported massive stones over great distances using rollers, ropes and sledges.
The Great Pyramid of Giza remained the tallest structure in the world for 3800 years.
Medieval Period:
Till 1000 A.D. most buildings in Northern Europe were constructed with timber while in
Southern Europe adobe was popular.
In the period from 600-1100 AD, the buildings had roofs made up with timber.
In 12th century, the Gothic style of architecture with its vaults, flying buttresses and pointed
gothic arches was developed.
The pile driver was invented around 1500.
Outstanding buildings of the period were the Gothic Cathedrals e.g. King’s College Chapel,
Notre Dame, Paris etc.
Renaissance Period:
Lot of technological developments were seen in this period.
In western Europe, water mills were used to saw timber and convert trees into planks.
Bricks were extensively used.
Ironwork was used in roof carpentry. Forelock bolts were used to fix iron components.
Roofing was done using terracotta roof tiles. Stone was the choice of material for prestigious
buildings.
Outstanding achievement was the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore built in 1445.
CONCLUSION
The growing population and need for infrastructure will keep the construction industry driving further.
The growth of the construction technology and thus the construction industry is exponential.
Man has reached upto almost a kilometer of height with his structures and shall continue to ascend towards the sky.
So that’s a lot to chew on. Some of it may never amount to much more than the hype - some of it could revolutionize the industry.