25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
Design and construction of a battery charger with a dual output terminal of 12volt and 24volt, under low input voltage state
Design and construction .pptx (Size: 251.54 KB / Downloads: 29)
INTRODUCTION
Many electronics devices and circuits required a DC power supply to power them up. Battery is one form of DC source. Since primary battery cannot last long, there is a need to utilize secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) which can be recharged once they are used up.
A battery charger is a device use to put energy into a secondary (rechargeable) by forcing an electric current through it, (Koch and young 1978).The charging current depends upon the technology and capacity of the battery being charged. For example the current that should be applied to recharge a 12V car battery will be very different from a current for a phone battery, (Theraja 2000).
The problem of battery over charging and battery damage is increasing with geometric effect over the years due to high input voltage from the supply source, (Theraja 2000). The problem of low voltage has to be solved by using voltage multiplier circuit in other to increase the input low voltage to the required output voltage to overcharge or damage of the battery.
This study seeks to produce a good battery charging system that is capable of providing DC output of 12V and 24V under low voltage input state of 6V. The 12V and 24V voltages are used to provide energy for rechargeable batteries.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Many battery charging devices are characterized with the problem of overcharging and high input voltages. This problem often damage batteries and their charging system. In other to overcome this ugly tread and waste of resources, this study seeks to provide a reliable and efficient battery charging system that is capable of overcoming the problem of high input voltage and battery damages.
Research methodology
In other to achieve these research objectives and to ascertain reliable findings, the study should adopt a descriptive analytical technique in connecting the various circuit components to work appropriately.
Research data, would be obtained by taking note of voltage and frequency of the AC from the input section of the battery charger and the current, voltage of the DC output sections. The above quantities shall be used to calculate the efficiency of the battery charger.
In this study the transformer is used to lower the high input voltage to a low voltage to avoid system damage and overcharge of the battery, the diodes are used to convert the AC voltage into a DC voltage to the battery, and the capacitors are used to provide a specified value of capacitance for basic function.
For the construction of the battery charger here, our emphasis is on full-wave bridge rectifier circuit and the voltage multiplier circuit. Because they are most frequently use in circuit for electronic DC power supplies. They require four diodes, but the transformer used is not center-taped and has a maximum voltage Vmax.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
At the end of this study it is expected to provide a well design and good operative battery charger with dual output of 12V and 24V DC under low voltage input state of 6V, which is capable of providing energy to charge a battery under high efficiency.