09-07-2012, 04:48 PM
Design of Microprocessor based systems
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INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM
The microprocessor is a semiconductor device (Integrated Circuit) manufactured by the
VLSI (VeryLarge Scale Integration) technique. It includes the ALU, register arrays and
control circuit on asingle chip. To perform a function or useful task we have to form a system
by using microprocessoras a CPU and interfacing memory, input and output devices to it. A
system designed using amicroprocessor as its CPU is called a microcomputer.
PERIPHERAL DEVICES:
• The EPROM memory is used to store permanent programs and data.
• The RAM memory is used to store temporary programs and data.
• The input device is used to enter the program, data and to operate the system.
• The output device is used for examining the results. Since the speed of I/O devices does
not match with the speed of microprocessor, an interface device is provided between system
bus and I/O devices. Generally I/O devices are slow devices
Advantages of Microprocessor based system
1. Computational/processing speed is high.
2. Intelligence has been brought to systems.
3. Automation of industrial processes and office administration.
4. Since the devices are programmable, there is flexibility to alter the system by changing the
software
alone.
5. Less number of components, compact in size and cost less. Also it is more reliable.
6. Operation and maintenance are easier.
Disadvantages of Microprocessor based System
1. It has limitations on the size of data.
2. The applications are limited by the physical address space.
3. The analog signals cannot be processed directly and digitizing the analog signals
introduces errors.
4. The speed of execution is slow and so real time applications are not possible.
5. Most of the microprocessors does not support floating point operations