31-05-2012, 05:15 PM
FUTURE ELECTRICITY
FUTURE ELECTRICITY.doc (Size: 1.72 MB / Downloads: 141)
ABSTRACT
After the extinction of all fossil fuels what are we going to do ? .his question plays a vital role in present day life. We all know the demand of electricity , we can not imagine our life with out electricity. This paper presents the current scenario of production of power throughout the world. And discusses about the resources with which the maximum power is obtained. And what are the steps to be taken for the generation of power after the complete extinction of renewable resources like coal, uranium.
INTRODUCTION
Modern life is unimaginable without electricity. It lights houses, buildings, streets, provides domestic and industrial heat, and powers most equipment used in homes, offices and machinery in factories. Improving access to electricity worldwide is critical to alleviating poverty.
SOLAR ENERGY
The energy radiated by the sun is around 7% ultraviolet, 47% visible light and 46% infrared light. Its energy content from the distance of the earth from the sun is 1.4 kw/m^2. Each year around 1500 million TWh of solar energy reaches the earth.
Not all these energy reaches the surface of the earth. Much of the shorter wavelength ultra violet radiation is absorbed in the atmosphere. Water vapour and carbon dioxide absorb longer wavelength energy while dust particle scatter more radiation, dispersing some of it back into space .clouds also reflect light back into space.
PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL
Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current electricity using semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels composed of a number of cells containing a photovoltaic material.
Photovoltaic effect:
The photovoltaic effect is the creation of a voltage (or a corresponding electric current) in a material upon exposure to light. The photovoltaic effect is different in that the generated electrons are transferred between different bands (i.e., from the valence to conduction bands) within the material, resulting in the buildup of a voltage between two electrodes.