07-01-2014, 12:36 PM
Formulation & Evaluation of Oral Dispersible Tablets Of Atenolol
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INTRODUCTION
Oral routes of drug administration have wide acceptance up to 50-60% of total dosage forms. Solid dosage forms are popular because of ease of administration, accurate dosage, self medication, pain avoidance and most importantly the patient compliance. The most popular solid dosage form is tablet.
Tablets are unit dosage forms in which one usual dose of the drug has been accurately placed. The tablet has a number of advantages. One of the major advantages of tablet over capsules, which has recently proved significant, is that the tablet is an essentially tamperproof dosage form.
One important drawback of this dosage forms for some patients, is the difficulty to swallow. Drinking of water plays an important role in the swallowing of oral dosage forms. Often, people experience inconvenience in swallowing. Conventional dosage forms such as tablet when water is not available, in the case of the motion sickness (kinetosis) and sudden episodes of coughing during the common cold, allergic condition and bronchitis. Recent advances in Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) aim to enhance safety and efficacy of drug molecules by formulating a convenient dosage form for administration and to achieve better patient compliance. One such approach is orodispersible tablet (ODT).
Direct Compression (DC)
DC is the simplest and most cost effective tablet manufacturing technique for ODTs as they can be fabricated using conventional tablet manufacturing and packaging machinery and also due to availability of tabletting excipients with improved flow, compressibility and disintegration properties, especially tablet disintegrants, effervescent agents and sugarbased excipients.
Disintegrants:
In many ODT products based on DC process, the disintegrants mainly affect the rate of disintegration and hence dissolution which is further enhanced in the presence of water soluble excipients and effervescent agents.
The introduction of superdisintegrants has increased the popularity of this technology. Tablet disintegration time can be optimized by focusing on the disintegrant concentration. Below a critical disintegrant concentration, tablet disintegration time becomes inversely proportional to disintegrant concentration.
ODTs with Patented Taste Masking Technology
There are number of patented taste masking technologies which had been utilized to manufacture ODTs with acceptable taste. CIMA Labs‘ taste masking technique involves coating of drug with dissolution retarding excipient, Microcaps process involves microencapsulation by coacervation-phase seperation technique, Solutab technology involving coating of drug with sustained release agent followed by coating with enteric
polymer and finally with mannitol and blending of drug with cyclodextrins are some of
the taste masking approaches applied in fabrication of ODTs. One more formulation in this category is OraQuick formulation which produces microspheres, known as MicroMask, which has superior mouthfeel over other taste-masking alternatives. This process does not involve the use of solvents and therefore, leads to faster and more efficient production.
CONCLUSION
From the present study, the following conclusions can be drawn:
Oral dispersible tablets of atenolol using subliming agents and super disintegrating agents were found to be good without chipping, capping and sticking.
The drug content was uniform in all the formulations of tablets prepared.
Infrared spectroscopic studies indicated that the drug is compatible with the polymers.
The drug-subliming and superdisinegrating agent ratio was found to influence the release of drug from the formulations. As the level of subliming and superdisinegrating agent is increased, the drug release rates were found to be increased.