23-07-2012, 02:34 PM
INNOVATIVE CONGESTION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AMBULANCE USING ZIGBEE
INNOVATIVE CONGESTION CONTROL SYSTEM.doc (Size: 1.05 MB / Downloads: 80)
INTRODUCTION
In this fast generation, the human has no time for anything. He is completely busy with his personal work and totally devoted himself to the so called computers or laptops. A common man usually prefers his own transport to go to office or work. On the roads, they sometimes go against the traffic rules, jump the traffic signals etc. He mainly does all this kind of odd activities to reach the office on time. Thus, it takes a good amount of time for us to realize that we need to help others mainly the patients in the ambulance. We merely bother about them and do not give space to the ambulances so that they reach the hospitals soon and will be saved out of danger. Thus, this project is designed to clear the traffic and provide a way to the ambulance so that the patient can be saved upto the maximum extent.
The project uses Zigbee technology to implement this application. The ambulance will be fixed with the Zigbee transmitter and the Zigbee receiver will be fixed at the traffic signals. This transmitter transmits a unique code continuously into air. When the ambulance is near to the traffic signals, the unique code, transmitted by the transmitter from the ambulance, will be received by the Zigbee receiver at the traffic signals.
. Network and Application Support layer:
The network layer permits growth of network sans high power transmitters. This layer can handle huge numbers of nodes. This level in the ZigBee architecture includes the ZigBee Device Object (ZDO), user-defined application profile(s) and the Application Support (APS) sub-layer.
The APS sub-layer's responsibilities include maintenance of tables that enable matching between two devices and communication among them, and also discovery, the aspect that identifies other devices that operate in the operating space of any device.
The responsibility of determining the nature of the device (Coordinator / FFD or RFD) in the network, commencing and replying to binding requests and ensuring a secure relationship between devices rests with the ZDO (Zigbee Define Object). The user-defined application refers to the end device that conforms to the ZigBee Standard.
2. Physical (PHY) layer :
The IEEE802.15.4 PHY physical layer accommodates high levels of integration by using direct sequence to permit simplicity in the analog circuitry and enable cheaper implementations.
3. Media access control (MAC) layer :
The IEEE802.15.4 MAC media access control layer permits use of several topologies without introducing complexity and is meant to work with large numbers of devices.
Device Types:
There are three different ZigBee device types that operate on these layers in any self-organizing application network.
These devices have 64-bit IEEE addresses, with option to enable shorter addresses to reduce packet size, and work in either of two addressing modes – star and peer-to-peer.
1.The ZigBee coordinator node :
There is one, and only one, ZigBee coordinator in each network to act as the router to other networks, and can be likened to the root of a (network) tree. It is designed to store information about the network.
2.The full function device FFD :
The FFD is an intermediary router transmitting data from other devices. It needs lesser memory than the ZigBee coordinator node, and entails lesser manufacturing costs. It can operate in all topologies and can act as a coordinator.