Now a day places like Afghanistan and Iraq we know that landmines are causing serious threats to the lives of civilians. Mines that are deployed during wartime can remain undetected for several decades and can suddenly be activated after that. Also during the war the mines implanted by our enemy countries must be detected and disseminated properly to save the lives of our soldiers. Therefore, we must say that the detection of landmines is important for all countries today.
COUNTRIES AFFECTED BY MINES
The countries known to have serious problems with landmines are Afghanistan, Bosnia, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Iraq, Kuwait, Laos, Egypt, Eritrea, Chevalier, China. Unfortunately, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Myanmar are among the list of least-mine-affected countries, in addition to another 100 countries.
AN EARTH MINE
The purpose of a landmine is to deactivate, immobilize or kill. It is an explosive device activated by a person or a vehicle or by the command detonated by electric wire or radio signals. Most landmines are placed just below the surface of the earth and are activated by pressure or trip-wire. In general, most landmines will contain many metal parts, which can be used in their detection.
Antipersonnel mines claim 70 new victims every day. This weapon is particularly cruel in children whose bodies that are smaller and closer to the burst are more likely to suffer serious injury. Severe disabilities and psychological trauma following the explosion mean that these children will have to take care of themselves for many years.
A wounded child at the age of 10 will need about 25 critical members during his lifetime. This cost at $ 3000 a huge sum to pay in countries where people earn as little as $ 10 a month. . Between 1979 of 1996 red crores embedded over 70,000 amputees with critical limbs and the problem of the still growing landmine. There to consider these factors the discovery of radar bullet is really a great boost to our world as we launch into the 21st century.
BULLET RADAR
Radar bullet is a special type of bullet. The main use of radar bullet is to find land mines without setting foot on the ground. This involves firing a special bullet into the ground from a helicopter, which could set the ground mines buried.
The bullet drives a radar pulse as the grounds to a stop. This pulse strikes the mine and its image is made available on the computer in the helicopter, offering a safe and efficient way to find land mines
PRINCIPLE OF RADAR
Radar is radio detection and range. Radar is a sensor. Radar uses radio waves to detect and locate objects. The purpose is to provide estimates of certain characteristics of your environment more commonly the presence, position and movement of aircraft, ships and other vehicles.
The radar operates by transmitting electromagnetic energy to the environment and detecting the energy reflected by the object. If a narrow beam of this energy is transmitted by the directive antenna, it is possible to estimate the direction from which the reflections come and therefore the bearing of the object. . The distance to the estimated reflecting object by measuring the period between radar pulse transmission and echo reception. At the beginning of the radar bullet the medium change by the waves must be taken into consideration.
The radars usually have the main parts, the transmitter antenna receiver, and the display.
The transmitter will transmit an electromagnetic signal through the antenna, which will hit the target and reflect backwards. The same antenna and the time difference between signal transmission and reception are calculated, which will help to measure the distance of the target from the radar.
EXPERIMENTAL CONFIGURATION
First a special bullet fired down on the ground, from a pistol mounted on a helicopter flying about 100 m above the ground. The bullet is designed in such a way that it emits a powerful explosion of radio waves under the ground. The bullet will produce a pulse of radio waves while piercing the ground and the signal reflected from any landmines within a radius of approximately 15 meters will be detected by an antenna in the helicopter.
Once the mines are located they can be destroyed at once or there the exact position is scored so they can be destroyed immediately in their exact positions they are noticed so that they can be diploid later. And if the bullet hit him, he would explode.
The radar pulse is generated from the kinetic energy of bullets by a process known as "magnetic flux compression".
MAGNETIC FLOW COMPRESSION
Inside the bullet is a metal cylinder, surrounded by a tightly wound wire coin. When the bullet exits the gun, there is a battery that generates a magnetic field in the cylinder. When the bullet breaks in the ground, the sudden deceleration forces the cylinder outward from inside the coil. The sudden movement of the metal cylinder through the magnetic field induces a large current impulse in the coil. The coil thus acts as an antenna that converts the pulse into a short burst of high frequency radiation
FIELD TESTS
After the laboratory tests, the tests were carried out in the Arizona desert. Using the same established experiment, the radar bullet is capable of detecting 35 cm anti-tank mines and anti-personnel mines of Val Mara 69, which are a particular problem in northern Iraq where the mines have been placed by Saddam Hussein's forces In his confrontation with the Kurds.