03-01-2013, 10:43 AM
PERFORMANCE TEST ON RECIPROCATING PUMP
AIM:
To determine the characteristics of Reciprocating Pump and to find out: Total Head
Pump Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
Volumetric Efficiency
To plot the following performance characteristics:-
Head Vs Discharge
Pump Efficiency Vs Discharge
Pump Output Vs Discharge
THEORY:
A pump is a device, which lifts water from a lower level to a higher level at the expense of mechanical energy. Pump can be broadly classified into two categories, Positive Displacement & Rotodynamic or Dynamic Pressure Pump. In a Positive Displacement Pump a small quantity of liquid is taken inside the pump and is bodily displaced and forced out of the pump under pressure. The liquid is taken inside the pump and is bodily displaced and forced out of the pump under pressure. The liquid inside a positive displacement pump may be subjected either to a reciprocating motion (reciprocating pump) or to a rotary/circular motion (gear pump, screw pumps etc.).
Reciprocating Pump consists a piston having a reciprocating motion inside a cylinder with the help of connecting rod and a crank rotated by a electric motor, I.C. Engine, or any another suitable means. The cylinder is connected to the sump by the suction pipe and to the reservoir by the delivery pipe. Valves are provided at suction and delivery side and are non-returnable so that to allow the fluid in direction only. Reciprocating pumps may be single acting – Single Cylinder, Double Acting – Single Cylinder or Double Acting – Multi Cylinder.
These pumps are applied where the fluid is required in a small quantity but at a higher pressure. Reciprocating pumps are applied for vehicle washing, for the water supply for the multi-stories buildings, industries etc.
DESCRIPTION:
The apparatus consists of a double acting-single cylinder reciprocating pump is operated on closed circuit basis. An AC motor with three speeds is provided to regulate the rpm of the pump. Suction and delivery head can be varied by the valves provided and Pressure & Vacuum Gauges can measure it. To find out the HP Input to the Pump an Electronic Energy meter is fitted. Sump tank, Measuring Tank and stop-watch is provided with the set-up. Discharge can be calculated with the help of measuring tank and stop-watch.