10-09-2014, 09:59 AM
OVER SPEED VIOLATION MANAGEMENT OF A VEHICLE THROUGH ZIGBEE PROJECT REPORT
OVER SPEED VIOLATION.pdf (Size: 198.07 KB / Downloads: 104)
Abstract
In the present day scenario traffic rules are frequently violated by the drivers and over speeding
occur due to bad driving behavior. So, a driver assistance system is provided to prevent over speeding,
violation of road rules and also to display alert messages. The proposed system has an alerting, recording
and reporting system for over speed violation management. The Zigbee transmitter sends the speed limit
of the particular lane entered by the vehicle and also gives alerts like “road works”, “steep slopes”,
“school zone” in the form of acoustical messages and also in LCD. The receiver unit placed in the vehicle
receives the messages and sends to the microcontroller. When speed of the vehicle nears the speed limit it
displays the warning and if exceeds the limit, the microcontroller records the violated speed and time.
The LCD displays the lane speed limit and shows the number of times, speed was violated. A GSM
module sends message to the nearest traffic personnel immediately after a violation occurs. An
authenticated device is also provided, which can be operated only by the traffic police in which he can
retrieve the data stored at any time. Increase in the count of violation increases the penalty amount which
can be collected in toll gates located nearby
INTRODUCTION
Speed control is in the need of the hour due to the increased rate of accidents reported in our day-to-day life.
During 2011, in India a whole of 4, 97,686 road accidents were reported which is a result of lack of speed control
and violating the road rules [9]. Road accidents can be prevented by adopting measures such as Traffic
management, improving quality of road infrastructure and safer vehicles. To Ensure decline in accidents and to
improve road safety, speed control techniques such as speed control in school and college zones by using RF
transceiver, automatic braking systems, Camera based detection, RFID technology based detection are
implemented. The existing techniques still doesn’t able to reduce the number of accidents. Hence there is a need
to implement Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) in which violation management provides efficient monitoring,
registering and reporting system of speed of the vehicle which exceeds the limit. The driving behavior of the
driver is monitored based on which penalty points are calculated. A message is sent to the remote station so that
an immediate action can be taken. Speed limit information is sent through Zigbee which uses wireless mode of
communication, proves to be effective.
LITERATURE SURVEY
Drivers are warned by sending traffic messages to them as loud speaker messages. Speed of vehicle, finding
location by GPS & other parameters are stored in a database. The routes are represented as a Google map. It has
a system which consists of traffic sign detection and recorder for managing violations [4]. Intelligent speed
adoption implemented in “Pay as you speed” [3] monitors speed and finds the position of a vehicle. ISA has
registrations about speed limit in various places, informs speed limit and alerts if speed exceeds limit. A
GPS/GPRS unit is provided and attached with a memory card in which figures are stored as digital speed map.
Based on features, sign detection is carried on speed boards and has a radial symmetry detector to detect speed
limit signs on a graphics processor. Digital speed limit signs are detected in which frequency of signs may vary.
System even detects when GPS satellites lose its satellite communication [7]. Road surveillance system using
solar power for speed violation detection has a portable camera system. Wireless communication is employed for
data transfer between system and remote system [6]. Wireless sensor network uses MicaZ motes & Tiny wireless
measurement system for identifying the speed. Traffic routing is done by estimating density of mote [5].
Vehicles installed with RFID tags will pass through readers which accesses the speed of vehicle in free way.
Many toll gates are linked through remote centre for the motorist would pay one to reach destination
OVERVIEW OF WORKING MODEL
The system consists of a transmitter and a receiver as shown in figure 1 and 2. The transmitter module is fixed at
pre-determined lanes/areas. Speed limit and traffic signs are pre-programmed in microcontroller. This
information is transmitted as wireless signals through Zigbee. This module is experimented with 6 zones namely:
(i) School zone (ii) Hospital Zone (iii) Steep Curves Ahead (iv) Bridge Works Ahead (v) Hair Pin Bend Ahead
(vi) Accident Prone Area Ahead. The speed limit of different zones may range from 30 km/hr to 40 km/hr.
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS
The Hardware connections of the overall implementation is shown in figure 4.The microcontroller used is PIC
16F877A which acts as a kernel, belongs to mid-range family with in-built ADC (Analog to Digital Conversion).
ZigBee CC2530 transceiver is used to send and receive data. Low power consumption which is a highlight in
ZigBee makes it suitable to stand alone in real time for long period of time compared to other wireless protocols.
Point-to-point communication is the communication between a sender and a receiver and Multi-point
communication can have more than one transmitter and receiver, and it may vary depending on our need. We are
connecting a 18 pin MCP 2515 CAN controller to the PIC Microcontroller having a data rate of 125Kbps. MCP
2551 is interfaced with MCP 2515 to implement the CAN physical layer is shown by a diagram in figure 5. The
integration of various values are done by CAN controller using CAN bus protocol. The speed of the speedometer
is acquired by the CAN bus and checked with the programming by the microcontroller. The Programming
algorithm checks for the exceeded speed, which is the difference between the speed limit and the vehicle speed
CONCLUSION
The project succeeded in implementing a system to reduce the traffic violations. The driver is made aware of his
driving behaviour and violations made so that careful and conscious driving can be achieved. Repeated
violations lead to increase in penalty amount which effects in reduction of violations by the vehicle user.
Wireless transmission is achieved with the help of Zigbee, which provides low cost transmission of data. GSM
modem sends SMS to the remote station about violation. Traffic signs and other messages can be intimated to
the user of vehicle which greatly helps in maintaining traffic and also to follow road rules.