04-09-2012, 03:55 PM
Quality and Productivity
OM-IMK -2Quality.ppt (Size: 321.5 KB / Downloads: 25)
Operations Quality……..
*It is a term that is generally explained with reference to the end use of the product.
*A component is said to be of good quality if it works well in the equipment for which it is meant.
* It can be defined as the fitness for purpose.
*The operations quality is basically based on the interaction of materials ,men machines and manufacturing process.
*The systematic control of these factors is the quality.
Quality definitions……
Fitness for purpose or use.
It is conformance to requirement.
It should be aimed at the needs of the customer- present and the future.
It is the total composite of product and service characteristics of marketing,engineering,manufacturing etc.
It is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price and control of variability at an acceptable cost.
Quality control…
It may be defined as that industrial management technique or group of techniques by means of which products of uniformly acceptable quality are manufactured.
Also it can be defined as the systematic control of variables in manufacturing process which affects the excellence of the end product.
Objectives of quality control..
Adherence to organization’s quality policy.
To decide the std.of quality of a customer accepted product.
Preparation of quality plan in accordance with the stated objectives.
Verification of the standards of the predetermined quality.
To take different measures to improve the standard of quality.
To develop quality consciousness in the various sections of the unit.
To reduce the wastage of the raw materials, men, money and material.
Statistical Quality Control
A quality control system performs inspection, testing and analysis to conclude whether the quality of each item is as per the laid quality standard or not. It is so called when statistical techniques are employed to control quality or to solve quality control problems.
SQC makes inspection more reliable and at the same time less costly. Its main objective is to control the quality of the outgoing products.
SQC….
Using statistical techniques,SQC collects and analyses data in assessing and controlling product quality.
The fundamental basis of SQC is the theory of probability. According to this, the dimensions of the components made on the same batch and in one batch vary from component to component. This may be due to the inherent machine characteristics or due to the environmental conditions. On analysis it is clear that SQC utilizes the following scientific techniques.
Sampling Inspection.
A sample is defined as the no. of items or component parts, drawn from a lot, drawn from a lot batch or population for the purpose of inspection.
Inspection –any item or component or product is required to perform certain functions. The act of checking whether a component actually does so or not is called inspection.
Sampling is an act of drawing samples from a batch on random basis. Sampling depends on statistical probability and so samples must be taken from all sides and different depths.