12-11-2012, 04:28 PM
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
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Abstract
This project work automates school management system. In the system two applications are developed, Windows based (thick client) and Web based (thin client).
The windows application takes most of the activities such as offline student registering, transcript and report card generation and producing the timetable. The web application facilitates attendance recording by the homeroom teachers, to view status of students by their parents and to view reports by kebele and kifle-ketema education bureau officials.
Our solution of the timetable is very simple. In the high school considered for the project there are ten subjects for both grade nine and grade ten. Loads are assigned to each subject teacher and a code is given for each teacher-subject combination. A simple search technique has been used during allocation of each teacher-subject code to a time slot. A database has been used to enforce constraints and to store data.
The prototype has been tested with data from Kokebe Tsebah Secondary School. It has been observed that the system successfully registers students, facilitates attendance recording by the home room teachers and generates various reports such as report card, transcript and a feasible timetable satisfying the constraints (requirements). It has also been shown that the system facilitates to view the status of students by their parents using the Internet or Intranet of the school.
Introduction
Education system forms the backbone of every nation. And hence it is important to provide a strong educational foundation to the young generation to ensure the development of open-minded global citizens securing the future for everyone. Advanced technology available today can play a crucial role in streamlining education-related processes to promote solidarity among students, teachers, parents and the school staff.
Education is central to development. It is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. With this aim currently our government has given special emphasis to the educational sector and school improvement activities such as continuous professional development for teachers, training and upgrading teachers and capacitating schools with manpower and materials are among the major actions which have been taken in both primary and secondary schools. In order to facilitate and simplify these actions one of the major tool is to have automated school management system.
School Management System(SMS) consists of tasks such as registering students, attendance record keeping to control absentees, producing report cards, producing official transcript, preparing timetable and producing different reports for teachers, parents, officials from kebele or kefle ketema education bureaus and other stakeholders.
Statement of the Problem
To help promote students achievement and success, schools must have access to complete, accurate, and timely information about students. One of the benefits of automated SMS is that the student record system will simplify retrieval of required information and is a great instrument for school improvement by taking measures from the information acquired. Despite the use of automated SMS, the government schools in Addis Ababa are using paper based documentation system for performing various tasks and the school administrators apply their knowledge of hit and miss approach in scheduling classes and courses (preparing the timetable) which wastes manpower and much time unnecessarily that does not utilize the current technology.
Transcripts of students are prepared manually by the record officer and teachers. Report cards are produced by the home-room teachers. Attendance of students is recorded by the home-room teachers. In order to control absentees and know the number of days that a student has been absent from the school during the school days the attendance officer has to collect the attendance slips from the corresponding homeroom teachers and compile it which is also a time taking process. In addition to that retrieving records of students who have graduated couple of years ago has been a difficult task and the manual system also has difficulty of producing different reports which are required by the stakeholders such as teachers, administrators or officials from kebele and kifle-ketema
Organization of the Document
This report document contains seven chapters including this chapter. Chapter two defines and describes concepts with regard to SMS, aiming to give a general view to the reader of the document about tasks or activities which need automation in the school environment. Chapter three presents review of research works on SMS. In chapters four and five, we presented the analysis and design of the developed system respectively. In the remaining chapters, prototype development and conclusion and recommendations are briefly explained.
Overview of the School Management System
This project emphasizes on school management system in Ethiopian secondary schools. Therefore, we give an overview of the management system of secondary schools in Ethiopia.
Secondary School in Ethiopia
Secondary education follows eight years of primary education and is for children aged 14 and above.
At the beginning of each academic year which starts in September (Ethiopian New Year), the students get registered and assigned rooms. Each class (section) of students is assigned to a fixed room. Home room teachers are assigned to each class of students. There are two semesters per year. The first semester final examination is usually administered during January, the second semester final examination is administered during the end of June and consequently the results of each class of students is collected, organized, ranked by the corresponding home room teacher and reported to each student. The homeroom teacher also records attendance of each student on each school day which is later organized by the attendance officer. A student who has been absent for more than twenty days is not allowed to take a semester final examination and will be forced to withdraw.
Transcripts are generated by the record officer. A student may request transcript when he/she wants to transfer to other school or when he/she has completed/graduated from the school and needs to join higher education or for some other purpose.
Officials from kebele and kifle-ketema education bureaus want to get statistical reports like number of registered students at the beginning of every year, number of drop outs, and number of passes/failures for each subject at the end of each semester as well as number of passes/failures at a grade level to help them participate in decision making.