22-06-2012, 10:55 AM
SEMINAR REPORT ON SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE1.ppt (Size: 572 KB / Downloads: 31)
ABSTRACT
Software is a set of instructions to perform a desired and useful work, by which the operations of the computer for the computations and processing are controlled. The complete software system with its components and interaction among them. The term software system can be defined as the system software and application software that must be added to a host machine (hardware) in order to realise some desired function.
INTRODUCTION
The computer is a very powerful machine, the basic use of which is to process data. Yet to realize the power of it, programs are needed. The computer consists of hardware and software and the software drives the hardware. That means without the software the computer can do nothing. But if we have the software, a computer can store, retrieve, solve different types of programs, create friendly environment for software development etc. That means the software brings the computer to life.
The process of software development is called programming. To do programming the programmer should have detailed knowledge of the problem to be solved, the corresponding algorithm and the particular programming language to solve a problem or develop software.
Classification of Software
System software
Application software
System software
, also known as a system package, is a set of one or more programs designed to control the operation of a computer system. These programs do not solve specific problems. System software is a collection of programs that directly control the computer’s internal operations and also that help ordinary users to make use of a computer effectively and efficiently. The programs included in a system software are called system programs and the person who prepares systems software is referred to as a system programmer. The system software can be further classified into two categories:
1) Operating system
2) Language processor
Operating system
Operating system, which acts as an interface between the user and the hardware, is a set of programs that control, and co-ordinate the operations of a computer and help to make efficient use of its resources.
Application software
Software developed for specific application is called application software. The term application indicates that the software is applied for the job at hand. Software for applications like inventory control, payroll, accounting, air-line reservation etc are some common examples of this type. Application software is a set of one or more programs, designed to solve a specific problem, or do a specific task for an individual or an organization. Application software includes prewritten software packages, custom made programs and utilities.
Relationship Between Hardware & Software
Both hardware & software are necessary for a computer to computer to do useful job. Both are complementary to each other.
Same hardware can be loaded with different software to make a computer perform different types of jobs just as different songs can be played using the same cassette player.
Except for upgrades (like increasing main memory and hard disk capacities, or adding speakers, modems, etc.). Hardware is normally a one-time expense, whereas software is a continuing expense. Like we buy new cassettes for newly released songs whose cassettes, we do not have, we buy, new software to be run on the same hardware as and when need arises, or funds become available.
CONCLUSION
Software is a set of instructions to perform a desired and useful work, by which the operations of the computer for the computations and processing are controlled. The term software system can be defined as the system software and application software that must be added to a host machine (hardware) in order to realize some desired function. It depicts the relationship among hardware, system software, application software, and users of a computer system. Surrounding the hardware is system software layer that constitutes the operating and programming environment of the computer system. It hides the hardware details of the system from application programmers, and coordinates the operations of various hardware devices for optimizing the performance of all devices. Finally, the users’ layer consists of the user interfaces provided by the application software. Different application software usually provide different user interface. Software are classifieds into two they are system software & application software. The term software refers to a collection of programs. A program is a sequence of instructions written in a language understood by a computer.