17-12-2012, 12:07 PM
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
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What is stratification?
The process by which individuals and groups are ranked in a more or less enduring hierarchy of status is known as stratification.
Social stratification: definition
According to Raymond W. Murray, “Social stratification is a horizontal division of society into “higher” and “lower” social units.
Origin of stratification:
Racial differences accompanied by cultural dissimilarity also lead to stratification.
India was subjected to a series of racial and cultural invasions that overwhelmed the native people and eventually led to caste system.
Race is the chief factor in the American stratification system.
Social stratification assumes the form of class divisions in society.
In the course of history, various social classes have existed at different periods. Thus the slaves and slave masters, vassals and feudal lords, capitalists and workers have been the prominent classes. In India, class has assumed a peculiar form in caste.
What is social class?
According to Ogburn and Nimkoff, a social class is “one or two more broad groups of individuals who are ranked by the members of the community in socially superior and inferior positions”.