04-07-2012, 12:46 PM
SOILD SOLUTION AND THEIR IMPORTNCE
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INTRODUCTION
In introduction I will tell you what I will in term paper report. How I will describe my report topic definition and uses and application and importance. That can be satisfied you.
In introduction we will know about solid solutions and their importance. We will also know what is solid solution and what is a use of solid solution. What is solid solution in a general definition? Types of solid solutions and application of solid solutions. And importance of solid solutions. Limitations of solid solution with some neat diagram and with some of examples.
I hope all of thing I will describe as possible as much better in my term report and I hope I will satisfied you as I do.
To make this term report I will do my best
solid solution
A solid solution is formed when two metals are completely soluble in liquid state and also
completely soluble in solid state
In other words:-
When homogeneous mixtures of two or more kinds of atoms (of metals) occur in the solid state, they are known as solid solutions.
The more abundant atomic form is referred as solvent and the less abundant atomic form
is referred as solute
Examples:-
For example sterling silver (92.5 percent silver and the remain copper)
is a solid solution of silver and copper. In this case silver atoms are solvent atoms .whereas copper atoms are solute atoms.
In anothere words:- I am taking another examples-
Brass is a solid solution of copper (64 percent) and zinc (36 percent) In this case copper atoms are solvent atoms . whereas zinc atoms are solute atoms.
Solubility:-
The maximum amount of a substance dissolved in a given volume of solvent is called solubility
Unit :- Often, the solubility in water is expressed in gram/100 mL
A solution reached the maximum solubility is called a saturated solution. Often, another phase such as gas, liquid, or solid of the solute is present and in contact with in the solution. In general, there is no net change in the amount of solute dissolved, but the system is by no means static. In fact, the solute is constantly being dissolved and deposited at equal rate. Such a phenomenon is called equilibrium.
In case another phase is not present, a solution may be unsaturated or supersaturated
polar substance, non-polar substance:-
One useful classification of materials is polarity. Substances such as H2, O2, N2, CH4, CCl4 etc are called non-polar compounds, whereas H2O, NH3, CH3OH, NO, CO, HCl, H2S, PH3 etc are called polar compounds.
TYPE OF SOLID SOLUTION
There are two types of solid solutions:-
(1)Substitution solid solution
(2)- Interstitial solid solutions.
(1):- Substitutional solid solution:-
It,s the most important solid solutions that is use in general life.
If the atoms of the solvent or parent metal are replaced in the crystal lattice by
atoms of the solute metal then the solid solution is known as substitutional solid solution.
IN OTHER WORDS:-
IT,S based on ‘impurity defects cations usually that aren’t typically a part of the mineral formula go into structural sites normally occupied by other cations that are part of the mineral.
• Atoms of both metals are of similar size.
• Direct substitution takes place.
• Substitution normally at random.
• If ordered, it is called a Superlattice
For example, copper atoms may substitute for nickel atoms without disturbing the F.C.C structure of nickel in fig (b&c)as order and disorder
For example, copper atoms may substitute for nickel atoms without disturbing the F.C.C.structure of nickel fig(2) as substitution.