07-10-2016, 10:29 AM
1458139650-FLOODATKOTTURPURAMDUETOCHAMBARAMPAKKAMLAKE.docx (Size: 214.21 KB / Downloads: 6)
ABSTRACT:
Flood is caused due to a combination of heavy rain, blockage in the channel, development along the stream channel.Reacently the most derastingnatural disaster experienced in Tamilnadu.when the chembarambakkamlake is one of the lake basin in Chennai.when the kotturpuram area is mostly affected area.The present study focuses on the flood inkotturpuram,causes of floods and remedial measurses. The eight areas were affected due to the overflow of adayarriver.the mostly affected area is the kotturpuram.because it is one of the down stream area.
INTRODUCTION:
Reacentlythe most derasting natural disaster experienced in Tamilnadu.Floods are created by unusual water-level rises in rivers or lakes, or by sea-level rises along coasts,that overflow their natural or artificial confinements. A natural and random phenomenon, floods are sparked by high rainfall, storm surges, typhoons, dam failures, glacial lake outbursts, or tsunamis.
In developing countries, floods are also linked to ever-increasing demographic pressures and economic development, which have often resulted in catchment degradation and waterway encroachment.Further, poorly planned river basin development, flawed land-use planning and practices, inadequate legal and policy instruments, and poor governance facilitate the inappropriate exploitation ofresources near rivers, lakes, and seacoasts by populations and governments, often resulting indevastating damage during floods.in Chennai is one of the most affected place.when the chembarambakkamlake is one of the lake basin in Chennai.when the kotturpuram area is mostly affected area.
Since 1943 upto 2015 the major floods in adyar river 1943,1976,1985,1996,1998,2005,2015.the many areas affected doe to the over flow of adayarriver.the mostly affected area is the kotturpuram.because it is the down stream area.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
1. The aim of our project is to analyse the flood causes and damages of Chennaikottupuram and giving remedies for that area.
2. To reduce the disaster mitigation in future.
3. Here some remedial measures are discussed to overcome the flood.
PROFILE OF KOTTURPURAM& KOTTURPURAM FLOOD 2105:
The study area about the kotturpuram in Chennai.one of the worstly affected area in Chennai due to the discharge of water from chambarampakkam lake.In 1976 the rainfall in kotturpuram 727mm.In 2015 the rainfall in kotturpuram 370mm.when compared to these ,the maximum flood in 2015 than 1976.because change in the use of land.In 1976 both discharge of water from chembarampakkam lake to adayar river and rainfall in kotturpuram is high when compared to the 2015.But the flood effect is maximum in the 2015.Due to the improper drainage facilities .
In normal tides 0.6m.In high tides 1.2 m. In storm tide 3m above mean sea level.To provide the groynes to manage the tides properly.
CAUSES:
1) Heavy rainfall more than designed discharge
2) Improper drainage facility
3) Less retaining structures prevailed
4) Encroachments obstruction drainage
5) Less embankment stability at mouth of river.
6) river mouth basin is very less.
EFFECTS:
In 1976 the rainfall in kotturpuram 727mm.In 2015 the rainfall in kotturpuram 370mm.when compared to these ,the maximum flood in 2015 than 1976.because change in the use of land.More people are dead in this area.in first floor houses also surrounded by the flood of adayarriver over flowing.The lake can hold water up to a maximum level of 24 feet (the measure which is used to indicate the amount of water), with a full capacity of 3645 million cubic feet (which is the volume of water it can hold).During heavy rains, when the water level is close to full capacity, water is released into the river. The amount of the release of water is measured in “cusecs”, which is “cubic feet per second”. The more “cusecs” of water is released into the Adyar River, the faster water will rise, eventually overflowing into the banks of the river.When too much water is released in a short period, Adyar River overflows, flooding residential areas and other parts of Chennai. This is what is believed to have happened on December 1 and 2.because this area is only near by the adayar river.so it will be very badly affected
CIVIL ENGINEERS ROLE IN DISASTER MITIGATION:
1. Improper city planning
2. Poor infrastructure facility
3. Lack of site investigation
4. Failure of structural design
5. Ignorance of building norms
6. Improper drainages
REMEDIAL MEASURES:
LARGE SCALE MEASURES:
The following structures are to be provided in the mentioned area to prevent the flood loss in future.
1) wiers to be constructed in the zone
2) buckling canal to be mainted properly
3) adyarriver mouth basin level is increased&rehabitation of adayar river
4) GIS Technology –for pre monitoring
Adayarriver basin &rehabiation of adayar river:
1. Proposals for Coastal Reach – AR1 (0.0 – 4.2 km)
River Mouth (0.0-0.5 km)
River Reach (0.5 - 4.2 km)
• Option-1 without river front
• Option- 2 with river front
2. Proposals for Central City Reach – AR2 (4.2 – 12.2 km)
CONCLUSION:
The study was conducted in order to review the Chennai kottupuram flood causes, effects and mitigations approach to control floods and also how to reduce the impact and if possible to avoid damages in future. The various remedial are discussed with their location to prevent major loss due to flood. These measures are an illustrative and not an exhaustive but once implemented effectively will reduce the flood risks efficiently. This result will be very considerbly reduce & protective the effects of flood damages in the suffering region.finally itto beavoid the water protruding in cities.