07-02-2013, 10:04 AM
Acid Rain
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INTRODUCTION
Acid rain is a serious environmental problem. Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition. Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the production of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere with positive results. However, it can also be caused naturally by the splitting of nitrogen compounds by the energy produced by lightning strikes, or the release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere by volcano eruptions.
DEFINITION
Acid rain" is a popular term referring to the deposition of wet (rain, snow, sleet, fog, cloudwater, and dew) and dry (acidifying particles and gases) acidic components. A more accurate term is “acid deposition”. Distilled water, once carbon dioxide is removed, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acidic, and those with a pH greater than 7 are Alkaline. “Clean” or unpolluted rain has a slightly acidic pH of about 5.2, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, but unpolluted rain also contains other chemicals.
What causes acid rain?
• Acid rain is caused by the burning of fossil fuels.
• Burning oil, gas and coal in power stations releases
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) into the atmosphere. Burning oil
and gas in motor vehicles puts nitrogen oxides (NOX)
into the atmosphere.
• These gases mix with water droplets in the atmosphere
creating weak solutions of nitric and sulphuric acids.
When precipitation occurs these solutions fall as acid
rain.
How Acid Rain Affects The Environment
Acid rain is an extremely destructive form of pollution, and the environment suffers from its effects. Forests, trees, lakes, animals, and plants suffer from acid rain. Trees
The needles and leaves of the trees turn brown and fall off.
Trees can also suffer from stunted growth; and have damaged bark and leaves, which makes them vulnerable to weather, disease, and insects.
CONCLUSION
Scrubbers remove 80-95 percent of the sulfur oxides. Certain types do not remove nitrogen oxides. They increase the electric generating costs by 10-15 %.
This thing can make prevent form acid rain, if this pollution continues; sure there will big danger to Mother Nature. So let prevent earth form acid rain and pollution