13-07-2009, 06:13 PM
can u plz mail me d full seminar report...my email id is bhadanipriyu[at]gmail.com..its pretty urgent!!
13-07-2009, 06:13 PM
can u plz mail me d full seminar report...my email id is bhadanipriyu[at]gmail.com..its pretty urgent!!
21-07-2009, 08:39 PM
plz send me full seminar on this topic..
i need it urgent..i hav to giv seminar.. plese fast my email id is "nileshbhadane123[at]yahoo.com"
22-07-2009, 09:49 PM
Please send me full report of it
14-09-2009, 11:21 PM
read this page for downloads https://seminarproject.net/Thread-Smart-...674?page=2
14-09-2009, 11:35 PM
Basic Idea
"it would be neat to put all of a handheld-PDA type computer in a pen" It is the pen for the new millennium All the computing power you need, right in your pocket. Introduction Digital Pen A digital pen is a battery-operated writing instrument that allows the user to digitally capture a handwritten note or drawing. Digital Pen How smart quill differs from digital pens Digital pens require special pads for writing. But smart quill can be used on any sort of paper. Smart quill contains sensors that record movements by using earthâ„¢s gravity irrespective of the platform used. Special pad for Digital pens SMART QUILL CAN BE USED ON ANY SURFACE Features Display Screen The text written can be read on on a tiny screen on the side of the pen and used with personal information-management software, email, and other applications that will be built in. It has a light at its tip which allows the user to use it even in the dark DISPLAY SCREEN HANDWRITING RECOGNITION AND SIGNATURE VERIFICATION User can train the pen to recognize a particular handwriting. If someone else picks your Smart Quill and tries to write with it- it wonâ„¢t. DISPLAY SCROLLS USING SENSORS to control the cursor on a computer screen. TILT The pen's tilt sensor could also be used By tilting the pen user can chose applications and scroll through without using scroll buttons. This is done by using Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS) tilt sensors to measure tilt angle with earth COMMUNICATION WITH OTHER DEVICES The current prototype hooks up to the PC via a cable and electronic docking station called as inkwell . Future models can receive email and pager messages via a wireless messaging system. Memory It uses 4MB EEPROM . Up to 10 pages of notes can be stored locally on the pen memory. The data is stored in the pen locally until it is copied to the Personal Computer. Power Smart quill works on AAA battery. It can continuously work 25 hrs with a single AAA battery. The pen has automatic on/off system. AAA Battery :Antiaircraft Artillery Battery. Size:44.5mm Long and 10.5mm in the diameter. Weight:11.5 gm. AAA BATTERY Working Smart quill works by measuring the penâ„¢s movements and matching them to the movements that produce the words and letters programmed into its memory. Consistency of handwriting rather than neatness, is the only condition for accuracy. Working Accelerometer Technology Handwriting recognition Software Accelerometer Technology This technology uses a device called Accelerometer which is used for measuring motion. A tiny accelerometer in a pen could be used to detect the stops and starts, arcs and loops of handwriting, and transmit this information to a small microprocessor that would make sense of it as text. Accelerometer Technology Invisible writing in air is achieved through this unique technology called accelerometer that monitors hand movements and can also be used as a Ëœvirtual hingeâ„¢ to scroll around the small screen on the pen and detect left or right-handed use. It records movement by using the earth's gravity system, whether you write on paper or in the air. Hence it is independent of surface used. Movements are stored within the SmartQuill. Types of Accelerometers in use Two Axes Accelerometer This accelerometer measures acceleration in two axes. An example for Two Axes Accelerometer is ADXL202 Accelerometer. Three Axes Accelerator This accelerometer measures acceleration in three axes. An example for Three Axes Accelerometer is Tronics +/- 2g accelerometer HANDWRITING RECOGNITION SOFTWARE This software embedded in the microprocessor of the pen is used to recognize handwriting of the user. The handwriting recognition software translates movements in to text on screen. Phases in handwriting recognition 1. Handwriting transcription In this phase, the recorded acceleration signals are then transcripted to itâ„¢s original form. Here this aspect is solved using Ëœsimpleâ„¢ double integration method in order to retrace the pen tip movement on paper. Method Firstly, we have to know penâ„¢s spatial orientation in order to withdraw the earth gravity component to the measured accelerations. Secondly, we have to succeed in the double integration, which is to solve all the derivation problems due to this method. HANDWRITING RECOGNITION In this phase the characters and signatures are recognized. Method We use a simple Euclidian distance as the comparison process, and of course the decision process is the smaller distance found. HANDWRITING RECOGNITION Steps The first step -1- consists in creating the reference database for the characters as for the signatures. The second step is the recognition process For the creation of database, each symbol was reproduced several times and a mean normalized symbol was computed. For recognition process, the unknown symbol is first normalized, the distance between this symbol and the entire database symbol is computed. Then the unknown symbol is recognized as the one with the lowest distance. PROTOC OL Fig. represents the acceleration signals recorded while one is writing a small capital B. PROTOC OL In Fig , we can see the accelerometers signals recorded during Yaniâ„¢s signing process. ADVANTAGES "Spatial Sensing" system SmartQuill, a spatial-sensing device inside the pen detects the letterforms of the pen's movement and converts them into text. The SmartQuill does not need a screen to work ADVANTAGES Intuitive user interface User could use any surface for writing such as paper, tablet, screen or even air. It contains an ink cartridge so that users can see what they write down on paper. ADVANTAGES Security User can train the pen to recognize a particular handwriting. Hence SmartQuill recognizes only the ownerâ„¢s handwriting. ADVANTAGES 3D-Mouse People could use the pen in the office to replace a keyboard, but the main attraction will be for users who usually take notes by hand on the road and type them up when returning to the office ADVANTAGES Power saving SmartQuill is really a very smart pen that could control everything by itself. When the pen is kept idle for some time ,power gets automatically off. And thus saves the power. ADVANTAGES SmartQuill is all mobile "As more and more people are working out of the office and rather than lugging around huge laptop computers, these are something people are much more comfortable with -- writing." APPLICATIONS 2.Replace keyboard with SmartQuill 3.Input to other devices 4.Handheld computer applications 5.The wireless messaging system which allows two way communications 6.Supports speech recognition. 7.Third party to add on applications APPLICATIONS 1. To do list 2. Personal diary planner 3. Database - names and addresses 4. Synchronize files, e-mails, messages to PC 5. Clock and Alarms 6. Calculator 7. Pager PROTOTYPE CONCLUSION The estimated cost of this futuristic pen is only $100. SmartQuill supports two factors : small size and convenient use. Keyboards become so tiny you require needle-like fingers to operate them and screens that need constant cursor controls to read simple text. The introduction of SmartQuill is the best solution for this problem. acual document from http://www.scribddoc/16918449/Smart-Quil...rath-Kumar-
16-09-2009, 06:40 PM
send me full semiar about smartquill
16-09-2009, 11:25 PM
Smartquill , a pen that can remember the words that is used to write, and then transform them into computer text , The idea that it would be neat to put all of handheld-PDA type computer in a pen, came to the inventor . Itâ„¢s the pen for the new millennium, she says. Nigel Ballard, a leading consultant to the mobile computer industry, Williams took her prototype to the British Telecommunications Research Lab, The prototype, called SmartQuil, has been developed by world-leading research laboratories run by BT (formerly British Telecom) at Martlesham, eastern England. It is claimed to be the biggest revolution in handwriting since the invention of the pen.
The sleek and stylish prototype pen is different from other electronic pens on the market today in that users don t have to write on a special pad in order to record what they write. User could use any surface for writing such as paper, tablet, screen or even air. The SmartQuill isn t all space-age, though it contains an ink cartridge so that users can see what they write down on paper. SmartQuill contains sensors that record movement by using the earth s gravity system, irrespective of the platform used. The pen records the information inserted by the user. Your words of wisdom can also be uploaded to your PC through the digital inkwell , while the files that you might want to view on the pen are downloaded to SmartQuill as well. It is an interesting idea, and it even comes with one attribute that makes entire history of pens pale by comparison if someone else picks your SmartQuill and tries to write with it it wonâ„¢t. Because user can train the pen to recognize a particular handwriting. Hence SmartQuill recognizes only the ownerâ„¢s handwriting. SmartQuill is a computer housed within a pen which allows you to do what a normal personal organizer does . Itâ„¢s really mobile because of itâ„¢s smaller size and one handed use. People could use the pen in the office to replace a keyboard, but the main attraction will be for users who usually take notes by hand on the road and type them up when returning to the office. SmartQuill will let them skip the step of typing up their notes. SmartQuill Applications Database - names and addresses Diary To Do list Clock and Alarms Pager Sync files, e-mail, & messages to PC Calculator 3rd party add on applications
16-09-2009, 11:28 PM
Smart Quill You gets an idea while on the road. You note it on your palm (Provided you have a pen with you.) Forget about such old and obsolete practices. Buy smart Quill, write in air, and have it recorded! Make devices as small as possible is present trend. Computers are getting smaller than handheld. But then, there is an associated issue. Keyboards become so tiny that one requires needle-like fingers to operate them. Screens need constant cursor controls to read even a simple text. The introduction of Smart Quill has solved some of these problems. Smart Quill was invented by Lindsay Williams in 1997. It is a pen slightly larger than ordinary fountain pen, with a screen on the barrel. The sleek and stylish pen is different from other electronic pens in the market today. It contains an ink cartridge so that users can see what they write down on paper. It remembers the words written using it. The Smart Quill contains sensors that record movement by using the Earth™s gravity. User can enter information by pushing a button. Users do not have to write on any special pad in order to record what they write. Information can be entered using one™s own handwriting. Any platform, like paper, screen, tablet or even air can be used for writing. The pen records the information inserted by the user. There is also a small three-line screen to read the information stored in the pen. Users can scroll down the screen by tilting the pen. The pen is then plugged in to an electronic docking station, text data are transmitted to a desktop computer, printer, and modem or to a mobile telephone to send files electronically. Lindsay Williams is managing director of Girt on Labs Ltd in Cambridge, UK, responsible for design of new imaging devices and computers to aid Alzheimer™s. She was previously with Microsoft. It is an interesting idea, and it even comes with a security attribute. Smart Quill can be trained to recognize only the owner™s handwriting. If someone else picks your Smart Quill and tries to write with it, it will refuse to record the information. It has a computer housed within the pen which permits all features of a normal personal organize Technology used in Smart Quill for display is Kopin Corp™s cyber display technology. Cyber display is a ¼ inch diagonal LCD that uses circuitry built on a silicon wafer, then removed and mounted on glass. The displays are integrated to miniature monitors using their own backlighting, optics, ICS and packaging. Pen has accelerometers to measure hand movement in 2 or 3 planes and an on board DSP to convert hand movements to ASCII characters for pen applications. It does single character recognition and records cursive letters which can be downloaded to PC for decoding. Smart Quill works by measuring the pen™s movements and matching them to the movements that produce letters and words programmed into its memory. Consistency of handwriting, rather than neatness, is the only condition for accuracy. The pen can align text irrespective of whether it is held in left hand or right hand. This is made possible by using Micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) tilt sensors to measure tilt angle with respect to earth™s gravity. The Smart Quill microcontroller reads the angle and then maps the large screen display onto the small four line display. Smart Quill can also scroll through pages of display, by tilting it in the hand Of course a number of limitations are yet to be overcome. Only a proto has been developed and tested. The choice of words is limited presently to what characters the LCD display driver can show while upside down “ only 14 of the 26 letters of the alphabet are usable in the proto. These 14 characters were processed by anagram software to produce 900 words that used these characters. The proto Smart Quill has 4MB EEPROM memory. At a time, up to 10 pages of notes can be stored on this. The data is stored in the memory on the pen until it is uploaded to the personal computer
16-09-2009, 11:36 PM
read little from
It is the most advanced data input screen ever developed. It offers high resolution, perfect contrast, and costs a fraction of a penny to produce. Any graphical interface can be printed on it, and people get years of full-time education, paid for by the government, to learn how to use it. It will not be beaten in our lifetime. It is, of course, paper. It is also ubiquitous “ as almost every organization trying to improve efficiency and reduce costs knows. In spite of the dreams of the 1980s visionaries who forecast the imminent arrival of ˜the paperless office™, paper is still a mainstay of any business. It may be expensive to handle and store, it may not be searchable like a database, it may not integrate into back-office systems, and it may be difficult to edit the content it stores; but for all this, paper still remains far too useful, simple and cheap to be entirely replaced by computers. What businesses need is a way for the data- processing capabilities of computers to be added to pen and paper, without the complexity or expense of having to scan all their documents. And in spite of years of work on digital paper at research laboratories, such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Xerox Parc, no-one has yet come up with a solution to that. Commercially, the best solution to date is probably the expensive and clunky Tablet PC. But there is another approach, and it may be the one that finally begins to close the divide between paper and computers: the digital pen. This device is able to track and record its own movements, so that any handwriting is captured as digital coordinates. From there, it can be converted into handwriting, data or text. Ready and waiting We identified the technology as being potentially important quite some time ago. But there have been a number of developments recently that have revised upwards our opinion of its importance, explains Ceri Carlill, a partner at Accentor Labs, in Sofia, France. We feel the technology is ready for the enterprise market. Carl ill argues that although there are a number of competing technologies, the emergence of a Swedish company called Anoto as the technological leader in this nascent market will make the digital pen attractive for a huge variety of applications. Its pens have one big advantage over those of its competitors: they know where they are on the paper, as well as what they are writing, making them extremely useful for form-filling, among other tasks. INFOEDGE: DIGITAL PENS 40 SEPT/OCT 2003 M-iD A digital pen tracks and records its own movements “ making it possible to know what is written, when, and even by whom. www.infoconomy.com DIGITAL PENS IN PRACTICE: CES MICROCARE Malcolm Skinner, managing director of microwave Repair Company CES Micro care, is already a digital pen convert: his company has made significant savings using a digital pen-based system developed by Glasgow-based Sysnet. Until recently, a CES Microcare engineer working at a remote repair site that needed to order parts or file a job completion report had to submit that data to head office by fax or post. Sysnet, however, has now introduced a system that has given CES Microcare near real-time capabilities. We digitised their forms and gave the engineers digital pens, explains MD Peter Burtwistle. Now, as soon as they tick boxes on the forms, the data is sent back to the office using Bluetooth-equipped mobile phones. As a result, the company can order required parts instantly, deliver quotes sooner and invoice more quickly. Its customer service has also improved. We™ve gone from six phone lines to four, says Skinner. Customers no longer have to phone for updates on jobs because they get an email within 40 seconds of a change in status, he says. Although he admits the feedback is purely anecdotal, Skinner says that customers say service is brilliant and that they do not get similar service from his competitors. For staff and MD alike, the new system is working out well. It gives us a competitive edge, Skinner claims. The staff is happier. And the phones are quieter. The write Before we invested heavily in the technology, we looked at all the different types out there, like accelerometer pens, concurs Peter Burtwistle, managing director of Glasgow- based systems integrator and Anoto-reseller Sysnet (see box, How digital pens work). But the key thing about Anoto functionality is that it has context. The pen knows where exactly on a piece of paper it is, but more importantly on what piece of paper. It knows whether it™s on a form or on the pages of a notepad. And because it knows exactly where it is, you can take areas of that page and make it do things. By this, he means that part of the page could, for example, be turned into a form capable of turning the pen-strokes into XML data. Overcoming resistance Roger Payne, head of the pervasive ICT (Information and Communications Technology) group at the emerging HOW DIGITAL PENS WORK INFOEDGE: DIGITAL PENS 41 M-iD SEPT/OCT 2003 Digital pens are ready for the enterprise market. Ceri Carlill, Accenture All digital pens are based on the same principle: instead of waiting until a document is complete before capturing it as an image and then extracting the useful information from its background, why not capture the process of writing the data? Then it is possible to know what was written, when, and even by whom, without having to battle against poorly contrasted document backgrounds for optical character or handwriting recognition. There is also far less data to store and upload, since only the pen™s movements need to be recorded, not the whole page. A typical digital pen with 1 megabyte (MB) of memory can store 40 A4 pages of dense handwriting, for instance, and send back data from a form for less than 3p via GPRS. And, in an office situation, the pen is simply plugged into a USB port attached to a PC and the data downloaded. The most popular pen technology has been developed by Swedish company Anoto and relies on special paper as well as a pen equipped with an infrared camera and a small amount of computer technology. The paper (although any surface that can carry a pattern, including plastic and laminate, is suitable) has a barely visible irregular grid of dots on it that the camera in the pen can pick up, even through seemingly opaque marks. Since the dots are generated by an algorithm rather than at random, the microprocessors in the pen can work out exactly where on the paper the tip of the pen is at any given moment using the grid. It can then either keep a record of that information for uploading later onto a PC or it can transmit it ˜on the fly™ using a Bluetooth connection to a mobile phone or similarly equipped device for transfer into corporate systems. The pen does, however, require a patterned medium to work; it won™t work on plain paper. The Smart Quill, originally developed by BT Exact but now licensed to another (as yet unnamed) company, will be released before the end of 2003. It works on a different principle: rather than relying on special paper, the Smart Quill keeps track of its movements using an accelerometer. Instead of knowing its position on the paper, it knows how it is being moved by its user and so can record pen strokes. This means that even if there is no suitable writing medium available, the user can write in the air rather than on a surface and the pen will still be able to register the writing. It also means that it is only suitable for serial writing, rather than context-specific writing, since it carries no information about the surface on which it is writing. It would not be suitable, for example, for filling in forms. Other technologies include the Compute and the Vpen, but these have little mass-market support. Anoto in action 40-42-MiD01-Info ed 4/9/03 10:11 am Page 41Page 3 technologies lab of BT Exact, headed up a project to develop a digital pen called the Smart Quill, which has now been licensed to another company for release this year. Payne believes that the digital pen is both a good way to overcome resistance to technology and useful in situations with a high degree of interaction. What we were trying to do was bring down that phobia of technology that some people have. When you try to offer people services, sometimes giving them a mouse and keyboard is not the right interface. Sysnet™s Burtwistle cites the example of Don Homes, a construction company whose sales team of mostly late mid- dle-aged women have a very good client manner, but aren™t interested in technology. They are interested, however, in getting half a million pounds out of a customer, so they need good eye contact and a non-intrusive technology that can instantly send information to the back office. Similarly, he believes that sales, financial services, and those working out in the field will be big adopters. Accenture Labs, meanwhile, is focusing on healthcare. There is a huge movement globally to electronic patient records. But the obstacle to that is the extent to which patient records are handwritten, says Carlill. Accenture has developed a proof-of-concept system for hospitals that illustrates the advantages of the digital pen for that environment. It is based around observation charts, which doctors and nurses use to record changes in patients™ vital signs over time. The big advantage of the system is that it lets doctors and nurses continue working as they always have “ with pens and charts. The difference now is that pens are digital. The medical staff update the physical, paper chart, and this continues to be accessible to staff without a computer “ usually at the foot of the patient™s bed; but since the charts are printed on micro- patterned paper, the pen is also able to record the amend- ments made to the records and, therefore, to update the computerized patient record almost instantly. That means the data is instantaneously available to, for example, a doctor at a remote location. Analytics and exception alerts “ to tell the doctor that blood pressure is falling too fast, for example “ make the doctor™s job easier still. An added benefit is that the uniqueness of the pattern used for each chart means that the system knows precisely whose chart is being updated, preventing mix-ups; it can also keep a record of when changes are made and by whose pens. Carlill predicts that digital pens will be widely taken up within the next year. I see it being adopted, if not in 2003, then over the next 12 months, certainly, he says. BT Exact™s Payne agrees that the time of the digital pen is approaching soon, as a wave of vendors release new technology. I could have sold them by the bucket-load. Everyone I™ve shown it to thought it was the best thing since sliced bread. They all saw applications for it in everyday life. What may stop the onrush of the digital pen is cost. At $200 or so for a pen (excluding Bluetooth- and GPRS- equipped mobile phone for mobile workers) they are not cheap. But with prices already falling, Burtwistle says that objections will also drop away. There™s always someone who has to go up ladders and do the physical work. They can™t carry big expensive mobile phones, PDAs, or laptops use this links also http://research.microsoften-us/um/people/kenh/papers/ppc-sensing_bw.pdf
01-10-2009, 06:01 PM
plz send me full seminar on this topic..
i need it urgent..i hav to giv seminar.. my email id is "sadik_sds[at]yahoo.com"
04-10-2009, 11:50 AM
man read http://www.seminarprojectsthread-674-page-2.html for getting full report and more information
06-10-2009, 07:06 AM
plz send me the sysnopsis,ppts and report... its really needed for me..
10-10-2009, 11:54 AM
cud u plz snd me the full report of this seminar? its urgent.. i hav 2 giv seminar..
16-11-2009, 07:35 PM
Lyndsay Williams of Microsoft Researchâ„¢s Cambridge UK lab is the inventor of the Smartquill, a pen that can remember the words that it is used to write, and then transform them into computer text . The idea that it would be neat to put all of a handheld-PDA type computer in a pen, came to the inventor in her sleep. Itâ„¢s the pen for the new millennium, she says. Encouraged by Nigel Ballard, a leading consultant to the mobile computer industry, Williams took her prototype to the British Telecommunications Research Lab, where she was promptly hired and given money and institutional support for her project. The prototype, called SmartQuill, has been developed by world-leading research laboratories run by BT (formerly British Telecom) at Martlesham, eastern England. It is claimed to be the biggest revolution in handwriting since the invention of the pen.
The sleek and stylish prototype pen is different from other electronic pens on the market today in that users donâ„¢t have to write on a special pad in order to record what they write. User could use any surface for writing such as paper, tablet, screen or even air. The SmartQuill isnâ„¢t all space-age, though †it contains an ink cartridge so that users can see what they write down on paper. SmartQuill contains sensors that record movement by using the earthâ„¢s gravity system, irrespective of the platform used. The pen records the information inserted by the user. Your words of wisdom can also be uploaded to your PC through the digital inkwell, while the files that you might want to view on the pen are downloaded to SmartQuill as well. It is an interesting idea, and it even comes with one attribute that makes entire history of pens pale by comparisonâ€if someone else picks your SmartQuill and tries to write with it- it wonâ„¢t. Because user can train the pen to recognize a particular handwriting. Hence SmartQuill recognizes only the ownerâ„¢s handwriting. SmartQuill is a computer housed within a pen which allows you to do what a normal personal organizer does .Itâ„¢s really mobile because of itâ„¢s smaller size and one handed use. People could use the pen in the office to replace a keyboard, but the main attraction will be for users who usually take notes by hand on the road and type them up when returning to the office. SmartQuill will let them skip the step of typing up their notes. WORKING OF SMARTQUILL SmartQuill is slightly larger than an ordinary fountain pen. Users can enter information into these applications by pushing a button on the pen and writing down what they would like to enter .The SmartQuill does not need a screen to work. The really clever bit of the technology is its ability to read handwriting not only on paper but on any flat surface “ horizontal or vertical. There is also a small three-line screen to read the information stored in the pen; users can scroll down the screen by tilting the pen slightly. The user trains the pen to recognize a particular handwriting style “ no matter how messy it is, as long as it is consistent, the pen can recognize it. The handwritten notes are stored on hard disk of the pen. The pen is then plugged into an electronic inkwell, text data is transmitted to a desktop computer, printer, or modem or to a mobile telephone to send files electronically. Up to 10 pages of notes can be stored locally on the pen. A tiny light at the tip allows writing in the dark. When the pen is kept idle for some time, power gets automatically off. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FEATURES Display technology used in SmartQuill Handwriting recognition and signature verification Display scrolls using tilt sensors Communication with other devices Memory and power DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY Technology used in SmartQuill for display is Kopin Corpâ„¢s Cyber Display technology. Cyber Display is a ¼ inch diagonal LCD that uses circuitry built on a silicon wafer, then removed and mounted to glass. The displays are integrated to miniature monitors using its own backlighting, optics, ICS and packaging. HANDWRITING RECOGNITION AND SIGNATURE VERIFICATION Accelerometers measure hand movement in 2 or 3 planes On board DSP converts to ASCII characters for pen applications Write on paper, flat surface, vertical wall or in air Single character recognition on pen Record cursive letters and download to PC for decoding Password by signature recognition SmartQuill works by measuring the penâ„¢s movements and matching them to the movements that produce letters and words programmed into its memory. Itâ„¢s similar to the way a microphone detects sound. Consistency of handwriting, rather than neatness, is the only condition for accuracy. There are 2 techniques used for this purpose :- Accelerometer technology Handwriting recognition software ACCELEROMETER Technology This technology uses a device called Accelerometer which is used for measuring motion. A tiny accelerometer in a pen could be used to detect the stops and starts, arcs and loops of handwriting, and transmit this information to a small microprocessor that would make sense of it as text. Thereâ„¢s also the possibility of viewing a full page of text through a special monocular magnified virtual screen that could be built into the end of the pen. Invisible writing in air is achieved through this unique technology called accelerometer that monitors hand movements and can also be used as a Ëœvirtual hingeâ„¢ to scroll around the small screen on the pen and detect left or right-handed use. It records movement by using the earthâ„¢s gravity system, whether you write on paper or in the air. Hence it is independent of surface used. Movements are stored within the SmartQuill. This information is transmitted on to a small microprocessor that would make sense of it as a text displayed on the sleek built in screen. There are 2 types of accelerometer :- Two Axes Accelerometer :- This accelerometer measures acceleration in two axes. An example for Two Axes Accelerometer is ADXL202 Accelerometer. Three Axes Accelerator :- This accelerometer measures acceleration in three axes. An example for Three Axes Accelerometer is Tronics +/- 2g accelerometer. Prototype of SmartQuill This SmartQuill prototype records writing on paper for radio transmission to a pocket pc, desktop, cell phone or tablet computer. The accelerometer tracks the angular movement of the top of the pen at an angle in the air and these angles plotted as x/y position on pc screen. An early hardware prototype picture shows, left to right, tilt sensor , PIC 8 bit microcontroller, batteries, and 433Mhz 1200 Baud radio transmitter. Currently a radio receiver on the RS232 port of a pc records the pen movement for analysis via pc. The pen will power down after a period of no movement so doesnâ„¢t need an on/off switch. The battery life is approximately 22 hours
16-11-2009, 07:37 PM
HANDWRITING RECOGNITION SOFTWARE
This software embedded in the microprocessor of the pen is used to recognize handwriting of the user. Pen works in conjunction with a regular PC on to which users install special handwriting recognition software. The handwriting recognition software translates movements in to text on screen. Handwriting recognition software constitutes two major phases: 1. Handwriting transcription 2. Handwriting recognition Handwriting transcription In this phase, the recorded acceleration signals are then transcripted to it™s original form. Here this aspect is solved using ˜simple™ double integration method in order to retrace the pen tip movement on paper. Method In order for this principle to work properly, we have to solve two main problems: Firstly, we have to know pen™s spatial orientation in order to withdraw the earth gravity component to the measured accelerations. Secondly, we have to succeed in the double integration, which is to solve all the derivation problems due to this method. The algorithm used for handwriting transcription is the following: We can see two pictures: Fig (1) represents the acceleration signals recorded while one is writing a small capital B. Fig (2) is the transcription result obtained with algorithm presented Handwriting recognition The second huge aspect is the characters and signatures recognition. The hardware (accelerometers plus contact detector) embedded in the pen has proved a really efficient combination for this application. Method The same method is used to recognize the characters written by a single user and to find whose signature is the one that has just been done. We use a simple Euclidian distance as the comparison process, and of course the decision process is the smaller distance found. The first step -1- consists in creating the reference database for the characters as for the signatures. For this a mean signal is computed for each recorded symbol. The second step is the recognition process For the creation of database, each symbol was reproduced several times and a mean normalized symbol was computed. For recognition process, the unknown symbol is first normalized, the distance between this symbol and the entire database symbol is computed. Then the unknown symbol is recognized as the one with the lowest distance. Protocol The results shown in this part are for signature recognition but they are similar as the one obtained for character recognition The corpus used for signatures was made by 10 different signatures from 10 different people. They made 10 attempts for the database, and 5 others for the test base. In Fig 1, we can see the accelerometers signals recorded during Yani™s signing process. Fig 2 shows the distances computed between the unknown signature and the one™s in the database. Yani™s signature was the last one learnt(number 10)and we clearly see in Fig 9 that his signature was well recognized. FIG (1) FIG (2) In Fig 2, the X-axis represents the different symbols of the database, and the Y-axis is the distance from the unknown new symbol to the one™s from the database. Display scrolls by tilting screen By tilting the pen, user can choose applications and scroll through with out using scroll buttons. Below is an image of SmartQuill tilting Screen designed by Lyndsay Williams for BT Labs in 1997. The pen would align text if it was held in left or right hand so the text was the correct way up for left or right handed people. This was done by using Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) tilt sensors to measure tilt angle to earth. The SmartQuill microcontroller read the angle and then mapped the large screen display onto the small 4 line display. SmartQuill could also scroll through pages of display by tilting it in the hand and power off if no hand movement was detected or pen was flat on a desk. The demonstration unit below shows display inverting as SmartQuill was inverted in the hand. The choice of words was limited to what characters the LCD display driver could show while upside down (left hand picture) “ only 14 of the 26 letters of the alphabet were usable. These 14 characters were then processed by anagram software to produce 900 words that used these characters. The shopping list below was produced from this limited dictionary to demonstrate the text inversion WITH OTHER DEVICES Earlier SmartQuill models developed by BT laboratories communicated with the PC via a radio transmitter, but the current prototype hooks up to a PC via a cable and electronic docking station called an inkwell. .The data stored in the memory is uploaded to the personal computer when it is placed in to a docking station. An electronic docking station is a small cabinet to which a laptop or notebook computer can be attached for use as a desktop computer, usually have a connector for externally connected devices, such as hard drives or scanners and ports that can be linked to components such as keyboard, monitor and printer. It can also be connected to printer, modem or mobile phones to send data electronically. The output accelerometer signals from the pen are digitized with a National Instrument capture card with a frequency Fe of 1000Hz and a low pass filter at Fc=1/3*Fe . Future models could receive e-mails and pager messages via a wireless messaging system .This enables two-way wireless communication with other computing devices . MEMORY SmartQuill has 4MB EEPROM memory. At a time, up to 10 pages of notes can be stored locally on the pen. The data is stored in the memory on the pen until it is uploaded to the personal computer. SmartQuill works by measuring the pen™s movements and matching them to the movements that produce letters and words programmed into its memory. It™s similar to the way a microphone detects sound. POWER SmartQuill is powered by AAA battery. It will run for about 25hrs on a single AAA battery. The pen exhibits automatic power on/off system. The pen will power down after a period of no movement. So it supports automatic on/off system. APPLICATIONS SmartQuill isn™t all space-age. It contains an ink cartridge so that users can see what they write on paper .Hence a simple application of SmartQuill is that it write notes on paper. This information recorded in the pen is then downloaded to PC. The information stored in the pen can be input to other devices such as mobile phones, printers, modems, desktop computers etc for different applications. It also provides handheld computer applications such as digital diary, contacts, calculators etc. It is used for receiving pager and e-mail messages. This is possible through recent technology involved in SmartQuill, the wireless messaging system which allows two way communication between devices . SmartQuill synchronizes files, e-mails and messages to PC. SmartQuill can be used for voice record and supports speech recognition. Voice record is made possible through ADPCM speech compression . SmartQuill also allows third party to add on applications One of the major asset is that SmartQuill does not need a screen to work. This is possible through revolutionary Spatial Sensing system which uses semiconductor accelerometers. Accelerometers senses pen/hand movement instead of shapes. SmartQuill provides intuitive user interface. Security “ Security is another important feature. It is made possible through two facilities: It enables handwriting recognition .User can train the pen to recognize a particular handwriting style. The symbols regularly used by user gets stored in the memory, by frequent use of the pen. Hence the pen accepts only the owner™s handwriting and rejects intruders handwriting. It enables signature verification. Hence Passwords could be entered in the form of signatures . The SmartQuill is also a 3D-mouse, when twisted in air in a certain way it enables scrolling of the screen. It also automatically detects left or right handed use. Power saving Small screen size requires less battery power . No movement of the pen causes auto power down SmartQuill is all mobile, smaller in size and enables one-handed use. CONCLUSION SmartQuill will be brought to the market by the end of 2004.The estimated cost of this futuristic pen is around $200.SmartQuill supports two factors : small size and convenient use. The future of SmartQuill ensures all computation power the user needs right inside the pen. Reducing the size of handheld computers can only be taken so far before they become unusable. Keyboards become so tiny you require needle-like fingers to operate them and screens that need constant cursor controls to read simple text. The introduction of SmartQuill is the best solution for this problem. courtesy http://www.smartlogixtechnicalarticles/smart-quill/ |
|