16-01-2014, 01:37 PM
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS.pptx (Size: 3.12 MB / Downloads: 34)
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Transaction processing systems
Management information system and
decision support systems
Executive support system for senior management
Transaction processing system
Transaction processing system is a type of information system . TPSs collect, store, modify and retrieve the transactions of an organization, A Transaction is an event that generates or modifies data that is eventually stored an information system.
E.g : Order entry system, cheque processing systems, accounts receivables systems, payroll systems and ticket reservation systems
These systems help any company to conduct operations and keep track of its activities
TPS CHARACTERISTICS
A TPS records internal and external transactions for a company. It is a repository of data that is frequently accessed by other systems
A TPS performs routine , repetitive tasks .It is mostly used by lower level managers to make operational decisions
Transactions can be recorded in batch mode or online.In batch mode the files are updated periodically.In online mode , each transaction is recorded as it occurs
There are six steps in processing a transaction.they are data entry ,data validation , data processing and revalidation , storage – output generation and query support
Objectives of TPS
Process data generated by and about transactions
Maintain a high degree of accuracy and integrity
Avoid processing fraudulent transactions
Produce timely user responses and reports
Increase labor efficiency
Help improve customer service
Help build and maintain customer loyalty
Achieve competitive advantage
MIS
Designates a specific category of information systems serving middle management.
Provides middle managers with reports on organization’s current performance.
Information thus obtained is used to monitor and control and business and predict future
Decision Support System
A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily. It is an "informational application" (to distinguish it from an "operational application" that collects the data in the course of normal business operation).Typical information that a decision support application might gather and present would be:
Comparative sales figures between one week and the next
Projected revenue figures based on new product sales assumptions
The consequences of different decision alternatives, given past experience in a context that is described
A decision support system may present information graphically and may include an expert system or artificial intelligence (AI). It may be aimed at business executives or some other group of Knowledge workers
Group decision support system
Is an interactive computer based system that facilitates solution of unstructured problems by a set of decision makers working together as a group.It is a Group decision facilitator
This is also called as group support system or computerised collaborative work system (CCWS) or extended expanded form of DSS
Here the user interface is expanded to include computers that are connected in some manner . In this way , members of the group can communicate via their computers with the DSS or with other members of he group
If the group meets in the same physical location , they share a public screen for input and output
If they are geographically disbursed , they each have a window at their computer that displays the public screen
Characteristics of ESS
Are tailored to individual executives
Are easy to Use
Have drill down abilities
Support the need for the external data
Can help with situations that have high degree of uncertainty
Have a future orientation
Are linked with value added business processes
Expert System
An expert system (or knowledge-based system) is a computer program that emulates the thought process of a human expert ,computer system .
ES are simply custom – written computer programs that are expert in some narrow problem area. They have been used in chemistry , geology
Eg XCON , PROSPECTOR