11-02-2013, 02:10 PM
The Application of Check Dams Construction to Watershed Management: A case study in the North of Thailand
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ABSTRACT
A check dam is the structure that lay across the stream in the area of the origin of the stream. It
is construction in rural communities as they help in the replenishment of water resources and restore
moisture to the local ecosystem and benefit the environment. Check dams can be used to modify the
velocity of stream flows, reduce erosion and also traps amounts of channel sediment, and help
stabilize channel side-slope. This study illustrated for identify the application of check dams in creek
streams. The application of reactively simple check dams were evaluated for gully control as part of
watershed management implemented in Phrae Thailand. There are have 2 styles of check dam often
used in Phrae Thailand. First, Temporary check dam are usually used with local material such as
stone, log, or lumber, sandbag, or net. Second, Semi-permanent and permanent check dams are
constructed by strengthen concrete of steel. The policy to spread check dams is feasible and great
benefits are attached for the local people.
Introduction
Problems of water resource management are
becoming increasingly severe in most countries of
the developing world. Thailand as many countries in
the world is damaged by big floods in rainy season
and lack of water in other seasons. Since the end of
the 1970s, the rapid development of Thailand has
brought into focus the needs for integrated
resourcemanagement as a basis for overcoming
increasingly severe problems of drought andfood
Principle of Check-dam
construction in Thailand
A small dam is constructed across an
influent, intermittent drainage way only to
reduce channel erosion by restricting flow
velocity. Check dams are not meant for live
streams. There can serve as emergency or
temporary measures in small eroding channels
that will be filling or permanently stabilized at a
later date, such as in a construction setting.
Check dams can also serve as permanent
measures that will sediment in over time in
gullies, which is a more common usage in range
and agricultural settings. By constructing a series
of check dams along the gully, a stream channel
of comparatively steep slope or gradient is
replaced by a stair-stepped channel consisting of
a succession of gently slopes with "cushioned"
cascades in between (Gray and Leiser, 1982).
construction at Doiluang
wildlifesanctuary
The construction of check dams in this area
has ensured the availability of storage water
during summer. The most important benefits are
keep moisture and to useful for conservation
and reforestation. The upstream check dams are
greatly increased by constructed to water
availability for downstream. These areas are
protected or conservation forest which must be
strictly permanently as head water sources.
Check dam be absorb and slow down the speed
of water to sediment retention. In addition,
awareness and information on natural resources
management are introduced to local communities.
Summary and Conclusions
The government considers the combination
of watershed areas and the communities
occupying these to be the components necessary
for integration of the planning process and
subsequent plan implementation. The experience
from these demonstration watershed
management action planning exercises will be
evaluated and if successful, will be applied to
environment and resources management in other
watersheds around the country. In a small
watershed, various dams can be built, such as
productive dams for forming farmland, floodcontrol
dams for preventing floodwater and
intercepting sediments, and water-storage dams
for irrigation.