28-10-2009, 05:26 PM
28-10-2009, 07:30 PM
whats?
09-02-2010, 04:43 PM
Abstract:
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is the next step on the path to a wireless world, extending broadband wireless access to new areas and over farther distances, as well as considerably reducing the expenditure of deploying broadband to new locations. WiMAX is a wireless digital communications system, also known as IEEE 802.16 that is intended for wireless "metropolitan area networks". WiMAX can provide broadband wireless access (BWA) up to 30 miles (50 km) for fixed stations, and 3- 10 miles (5 -15 km) for mobile stations. In contrast, the WiFi/802.11 wireless local area network standard is limited in most cases to only 100 -300 feet (30 - 100m). WiMAX is the industry term for a long-range networking standard. WiMAX technology has potential to deliver the high-speed Internet access to rural areas and other locations not serviced by cable or DSL technology. WiMax offers an alternative to satellite Internet services. please read https://seminarproject.net/Thread-WiMAX--5303 and https://seminarproject.net/Thread-WiMAX for WiMax seminar report and seminar presentation
08-05-2012, 01:15 PM
WiMax
wimax_report.pdf (Size: 454.44 KB / Downloads: 82) Introduction The past few months have seen a storm of debate about the economics and return on investment of Wi-Fi hotspots. What almost all the arguments entirely ignore is the standard lurking on the horizon, which will turn current assumptions on their head. This is the 802.16x wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) specification, which is being developed and promoted by the WiMAX industry group, whose most powerful members are Intel and Nokia. As with Wi-Fi, the WiMAX label has now become widely acceptable as a name for the standard itself. Intel has called 802.16 “the most important thing since the Internet itself”, and even allowing for a dose of self-serving, it is not talking entirely in hyperbole. In July, WiMAX showed off its first system profiles and interoperability tests at the WCA annual conference in Washington DC, in a significant step towards making the 802.16a standard, ratified by the IEEE in March, a commercial technology. While a fully mobile version of WiMAX is in the wings, this first release will cover fixed wireless, and its supporters are focusing in particular on broadband last mile in unwired areas, and on backhaul for hotspots. Intel will start to make WMAN chips this year and we should see WiMAX products early in 2004. These vendors are finally giving broadband wireless the teeth it needs, with a standards base, to take on wired options for the last mile and for long distance networking. The WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) group was actually set up two years ago by Nokia, Ensemble and the OFDM Forum, but gained a new lease of life in April when it was revived by Nokia in collaboration with Intel and added five new members, with nine more joining in May. The non-profit group takes a similar role to the Wi-Fi Alliance in WLANs, backing development of wireless Man products based on 802.16 and working on standards certification and interoperability testing. The initial version of the standard operates in the 10-66GHz frequency band and requires line of sight towers, but the 802.16a extension, ratified in March, uses the lower frequency of 2-11GHz, easing regulatory issues, and does not require line of sight. It boasts a 31 mile range compared to Wi-Fi’s 200-300 yards, and 70Mbps data transfer rates. WiMAX president Margaret Labrecque says that collaborating on mass market products will achieve similar economies of scale to those seen in Wi-Fi WLAN devices. She says base stations will cost under $20,000 and support 60 enterprise customers with T1-class connections. Systems based on the mobile version of the standard, which should ship towards the end of next year, about six months after fixed wireless products, will be able to achieve long distance wireless networking and will have far greater potential than Wi-Fi hotspots to provide ubiquitous coverage to rival that of the cellular network. The 802.16a Standard WiMAX – Not just another standard Broadband wireless access provides more capacity at lower cost than DSL or cable for extending the fibre networks and supporting multimedia and fast internet applications in the enterprise or home. But it has been held back by the lack of a standard, so that solutions have been based on proprietary, single-vendor efforts. Standardization through the IEEE 802.16 specification raises the potential to: • Stall wired broadband and make wireless the key platform of the future • Extend the range of Wi-Fi so that the myth of ubiquitous wireless can become a reality • Provide an alternative or complement to 3G • Provide an economically viable communications infrastructure for developing countries and mobile blackspot regions in developed nations Markets for WiMAX The greatest media excitement about WiMAX has centred on its potential mobility and its role as a backhaul or even replacement for public Wi-Fi. However, its initial raison d’etre and still its primary focus is on broadband fixed wireless access for homes and businesses. This sector is populated by a horde of mainly American niche players with expensive equipment using various versions of smart antennas, OFDM and sometimes mesh to provide often effective alternatives to wired communications. ArrayComm, Alvarion, IPWireless, Navini and Beamreach are high profile names, though the majority of these specialists will refocus their products around WiMAX in the coming year (see later chapter). Business users Only 5 percent of commercial structures worldwide are served by fibre networks, the main method for the largest enterprises to access broadband, multimedia data services. In the wired world, these networks are extended to the business or residence via cable or DSL, both expensive options because of the infrastructure changes required. DSL typically operates at 128Kbps to 1.5Mbps and slower on the upstream. Enterprises can use WiMAX instead of T1 for about 10 percent of the cost, while SMEs can be offered fractional T1 services. Base stations will cost under $20,000 and support 60 enterprise customers with T1-class connections. Last mile to the home A low cost alternative could end the wars between the cable and ADSL operators and really make the broadband home revolution happen. Hotspots Wi-Fi hotspot operators may be able to build a spot for a few thousand dollars’ worth of equipment, but then they need to anchor it to the public network, and this is normally done with expensive T1 or DSL. WiMAX backhaul could significantly reduce hotspot costs, although there is also the potential for Wi-Fi to be bypassed altogether by WiMAX Remote regions The most lucrative market for the proprietary BWA vendors has been remote regions, especially in developing countries but also in rural areas of the US, where there is no wired or cellular infrastructure nor the will or cash to invest in building it. The main alternative to BWA in this market is satellite. Still early in its lifecycle – and potentially a powerful technology to integrate with WiMAX – satellite has severe limitations of upstream bandwidth, spectrum availability and also suffers from high latency. China One of the most potentially lucrative markets for remote region BWA is, of course, China, and discussions have been held between the Chinese government and IEEE with a view to making 802.16 the Chinese national standard for fixed broadband wireless access at 3.5GHz. Chinese operators are already rolling out WiMAX base stations even before standard, low cost silicon is ready, and Alvarion recently supplied this type of equipment to China Unicom for a network covering, initially, six cities. |
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