Computer graphics are images and movies created with computers. Typically, the term refers to computer generated image data created with the help of specialized graphics hardware and software. It is a vast and recent area in computer science. The phrase was coined in 1960 by computer science researchers Verne Hudson and William Fetter of Boeing. Often abbreviated as CG, although it is sometimes erroneously called CGI. Important topics in computer graphics include user interface design, sprite graphics, vector graphics, 3D modeling, shaders, GPU design, implicit surface display with ray tracing and computer vision, among others. The general methodology depends to a large extent on the underlying sciences of geometry, optics and physics. Computer graphics are responsible for displaying art and image data effectively and meaningfully to the user. It is also used to process image data received from the physical world. The development of computer graphics has had a significant impact on many types of media and has revolutionized animation, films, advertising, video games and graphic design in general.
History
The precursor sciences for the development of modern computer graphics were the advances in electrical engineering, electronics and television that took place during the first half of the 20th century. The screens could show art from the Lumiere brothers' use of mattes to create special effects for the first films dating back to 1895, but such presentations were limited and non-interactive. The first cathode-ray tube, the Braun tube, was invented in 1897 - it would in turn allow the oscilloscope and the military control panel - the most direct precursors in the field, as they provided the first two-dimensional electronic screens responding to programming Or user input. However, computer science remained relatively unknown as a discipline until the 1950s and the post-World War II period. During that time, the discipline emerged from a combination of purely academic and laboratory academic research on more advanced computers. Development of technologies such as radar, advanced aviation and rocket developed during the war. New types of screens were needed to process the wealth of information resulting from such projects, which led to the development of computer graphics as a discipline.
Computer graphics studio
The study of computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science that studies methods to digitally synthesize and manipulate visual content. Although the term often refers to three-dimensional computer graphics, it also encompasses two-dimensional graphics and image processing.
As an academic discipline, computer graphics study the manipulation of visual and geometric information using computational techniques. It focuses on the mathematical and computational foundations of image generation and processing rather than purely aesthetic issues. Computer graphics often differ from the field of visualization, although the two fields have many similarities.
Applications
Computer graphics can be used in the following areas:
• Computational Biology
• Computational Physics
• Desing assisted by computer
• Computer simulation
• Digital art
• Education
• Graphic design
• Infographics
• Display information
• Rational drug design
• Scientific visualization
• Special effects for the cinema
• Video game
• Virtual reality
• Web design
• Design