16-07-2012, 06:36 AM
please send the power point presentation about the topic
16-07-2012, 06:36 AM
please send the power point presentation about the topic
16-07-2012, 09:36 AM
to get information about the topic fuels from plastic wastes full report ppt and related topic refer the link bellow
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-fuel-f...ull-report https://seminarproject.net/Thread-fuel-f...ort?page=3
06-03-2013, 09:19 AM
FUELS FROM PLASTIC WASTES
FUELS FROM PLASTIC.docx (Size: 19.35 KB / Downloads: 43) INTRODUCTION Plastics are polymeric materials, a material built up from long repeating chains of molecules. Polymers such as rubber occur naturally, but it wasn't until the development of synthetic polymers around 1910 that the polymers tailored to the needs of the engineer first started to appear. One of the first commercial plastics developed was Bakelite and was used for the casing of early radios. Because the early plastics were not completely chemically stable, they gained a reputation for being cheap and unreliable. However, advances in plastic technology since then, mean that plastics are a very important and reliable class of materials for product design. Plastic is a marvel of polymer chemistry, plastics have become an indispensable part of our daily life. But repeated reprocessing of plastic waste, and its disposal cause environmental problems, pose health hazards, in addition to being a public nuisance. The biggest current threat to the conventional plastics industry is likely to be environmental concerns, including the release of toxic pollutants, greenhouse gas and non-biodegrable landfill impact as a result of the production and disposal of petroleum and petroleum based plastics. WHAT ARE PLASTICS? The term "plastic" covers a wide range of synthetic polymer materials. What they have in common is that they are all made by joining together or "polymerizing" a bunch of molecules (monomers). There are two main families of plastics, thermosetting and thermoplastics. CONVERTING WASTE PLASTIC INTO LIQUID FUEL Many may not realize throwing away plastic is throwing away a ready fuel source. Plastic is primarily petroleum and burns with high efficiency. Plastics are commonly made from fossil fuels which is usually an irreversible process, process have been developed which recycles plastic waste back into oil. ThermoFuel technology is used to convert Waste Plastic into Liquid Fuel. ThermoFuel is a ten year old commercially proven technology with nine operational plants in Japan. Thermofuel is a process where scrap and waste plastics are converted into synthetic fuel. The system uses liquefaction, pyrolysis and the catalytic breakdown of plastics. The system can handle almost all the plastic that is currently being sent to landfills. A major advantage of the process is its ability to handle unsorted, unwashed plastic and its extremely high efficiency. A ThermoFuel plant can produce up to 9,500 liter of high-grade synthetic fuel from 10 tonnes of waste plastics, with systems ranging from 10 to 20 tonnes per day. This means that heavily contaminated plastics can be processed without difficulty. STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM The system consists of stock in feed system, pyrolysis gasification chamber, catalytic converter, condensers, centrifuge, oil recovery line, off-gas cleaning, and adulterant removal. Waste plastics are loaded via a hot-melt in feed system directly into main pyrolysis chamber. When the chamber temperature is raised, agitation commences to even the temperature and homogenize the feed stocks. Pyrolysis then commences to the point of product gasification. Non-plastic materials fall to the bottom of the chamber. The gas goes through the (patented) catalytic converter and is converted into the distillate fractions by the catalytic cracking process. The distillate then passes into the recovery tank after cooling in the condensers. From the recovery tank, the product is sent to a centrifuge to remove contaminants such as water or carbon. The cleaned distillate is then pumped to the reserve tank, then to the storage tanks. OPERATIONS PRE-TREATMENT Pre-treatment, depending on the form of delivery of plastics to the plant, may include shredding and granulating. The system accepts granulated to a flake size of 2.5 cm or less in order for it to be conveyed and metered uniformly via a melt infeed system into the chamber. However, Thermofuel can process most sizes and types of plastics with suitable pre-treatment equipment. PYROLYSIS The heart of the pyrolysis system is the prime chamber, which performs the essential functions of homogenization, controlled decomposition and out gassing in a single process. The process requires minimal maintenance apart from carbon residue removal, and produces consistent quality distillate from mixed and low-grade plastic waste. The key to an efficient pyrolysis process is to ensure the plastic is heated uniformly and rapidly. If temperature gradients develop in the molten plastic mass then different degrees of cracking will occur and products with a wide distribution of chain lengths will be formed. THE CATALYTIC BREAKDOWN The core technology of the Thermofuel process is the catalytic reaction tower (or catalytic converter) on the exit side of the main pyrolysis chamber. The catalyst is important because it lowers the amount of energy that is required to break down the structure of the waste plastics. As well as promoting the initial cracking of the polymers, the catalysts are used to promote the production of a heavier fuel suitable for the manufacture of diesel and gasoline. Only a small amount of catalyst material is lost during the conversion process. The catalytic reaction tower contains a system of plates made from a special catalytic metal alloy. Thermofuel requires no additives or consumable catalytic consumables. The metal plates do get fouled with a tar-like residue and terephthalic acid and therefore the reaction tower needs to be stripped down periodically and the plates polished, generally every 6 months to once a year. The maintenance service can be quickly performed (approx. 1 hour) with minimal plant down time, using spare catalytic plates. The catalyst chamber is heated using the exhaust gases from the furnace of the pyrolysis chamber.
07-03-2013, 03:01 PM
To get full information or details of fuel from plastic waste please have a look on the pages
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-fuel-f...ull-report https://seminarproject.net/Thread-fuel-from-plastic https://seminarproject.net/Thread-fuel-f...stic-waste if you again feel trouble on fuel from plastic waste please reply in that page and ask specific fields in fuel from plastic waste |
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