03-05-2012, 11:11 AM
install the Linux operating system
revised manual.doc (Size: 2.4 MB / Downloads: 103)
INTRODUCTION TO OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is available in sourcecode form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study,change, and improve the software. Open source licenses meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition.
Popular distributions:
Well-known Linux distributions include:
• CentOS, a distribution derived from the same sources used by Red Hat, maintained by a dedicated volunteer community of developers with both 100% Red Hat-compatible versions and an upgraded version that is not always 100% upstream compatible Debian, a non-commercial distribution maintained by a volunteer developer
• community with a strong commitment to free software principles Fedora, a community distribution sponsored by Red Hat
• Gentoo, a distribution targeted at power users, known for its FreeBSD Ports-like automated system for compiling applications from source code Knoppix, the first Live CD distribution to run completely from removable
• media without installation to a hard disk, derived from Debian
INTRODUCTION TO LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
Linux refers to the family of Unix-like computer operating systems using the Linux kernel. Linux can be installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from mobile phones, tablet computers and video game consoles, to mainframes and supercomputers. Linux is a leading server operating system, and runs the 10 fastest supercomputers in the world. Use of Linux by end-users or consumers has increased in recent years, partly owing to the popular Ubuntu, Fedora, and openSUSE distributions and the emergence of net books with pre-installed Linux systems and smartphones running embedded Linux.
The development of Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source software collaboration; typically all the underlying source code can be used,freely modified, and redistributed, both commercially and non-commercially, by anyone under licenses such as the GNU General Public License. Typically Linux is packaged in a format known as a Linux distribution for desktop and server use.
Linux distributions include the Linux kernel and all of the supporting software required to run a complete system, such as utilities and libraries, the X Window System, the GNOME and KDE desktop environments, and the Apache HTTP Server. Commonly used applications with desktop Linux systems include the Mozilla Firefox web-browser, the OpenOffice.org office application suite and the
GIMP image editor.
The name "Linux" comes from the Linux kernel, originally written in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. The main supporting user space system tools and libraries from the GNU Project (announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman) are the basis for the Free Software Foundation's preferred name GNU/Linux.
STANDARD INSTALLATION OF FEDORA 14
Fedora is an RPM-based, general purpose collection of software including an operating system based on the Linux kernel, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat. The Fedora Project's mission is to lead the advancement of free and open source software and content as a collaborative community.
One of Fedora's main objectives is not only to contain software distributed under a free and open source license, but also to be on the leading edge of such technologies. Fedora developers prefer to make upstream changes instead of applying fixes specifically for Fedora—this ensures that their updates are available to all Linux distributions.