19-04-2013, 03:00 PM
SMART AND INTELLIGENT GSM BASED AUTOMATIC METER READING SYSTEM
SMART AND INTELLIGENT.docx (Size: 14.19 KB / Downloads: 29)
ABSTRACT
The automated electricity billing system is implemented for the purpose of getting a fully automated electricity billing system. The aim of this system is to measure and monitor the electricity consumed by consumers in a locality and transmitting the consumed power to the station as well as issuing the bill of consumed power automatically. It is also aims to find the malpractices in the meter. Using this system the Electricity Board can access all data regarding the consumed power in each home and in each station. From the data the Board can find out power theft also it is also offers a system to charge extra payment for the excess usage of power at peak time (6.00---10.00pm) Prepaid and Postpaid billing are also possible for our new system.GSM is using for automating the system. The consumed unit transmission and bill reception are achieved by the GSM module in the client side.
DESCRIPTION
AVR Microcontroller:
The major heart of this project is AVR microcontroller, it has more features like 16bit timer, 10-bit ADC, USART, SPI, I2C, 256 bytes of EEPROM memory, and 32kbytes of flash program memory, then at last its speed of program execution is about to 1 microsecond or 10 MIPS (10 Million Instructions per second), etc. However, compare to other microcontroller it is fast and very ease to program in C language because of huge support can gain from the manufacturer for programming. The special IDE offered by the manufacture, it is named as AVR Studio IDE for it code generation purpose
MAX 232
The AVR microcontrollers are connected to through RS232 protocol, for this inbuilt USART module is utilized. A serial port sends and receives data one bit at a time over one wire. While it takes eight times as long as to transfer each byte of data this way, only a few wires are required. In fact, two-way (full duplex) communications is possible with only three separate wires- one to send, one to receive, and a common signal ground wire.
GSM
GSM is a cellular network, which means that mobile phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. GSM networks operate in four different frequency ranges. Most GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands. Some countries in the Americas (including Canada and the United States) use the 850 MHz and 1900 MHz bands because the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands were already allocated. The rarer 400 and 450 MHz frequency bands are assigned in some countries, notably Scandinavia, where these frequencies were previously used for first-generation systems