18-03-2012, 01:32 PM
need the abstract and the presentation on the topic smart grid
18-03-2012, 01:32 PM
need the abstract and the presentation on the topic smart grid
19-03-2012, 11:55 AM
to get information about the topic smart grid technology full report ppt and related topic refer the link bellow
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smartg...1#pid65291 https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smartgrid-technology https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smart-...ansmission
26-07-2012, 02:57 PM
Smart grid
Smart grid.docx (Size: 157.35 KB / Downloads: 136) INTRODUCTION Smart grid is a type of electrical grid which attempts to predict and intelligently respond to the behaviour and actions of all electric power users connected to it - suppliers, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver reliable, economic, and sustainable electricity services. Modernization of the electricity delivery system so that it monitors, protects and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements – from the central and distributed generator through the high-voltage network and distribution system, to industrial users and building automation systems, to energy storage installations and to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances and other household devices. History Today's alternating current power grid evolved after 1896, based in part on Nikola Tesla's design published in 1888 (see War of Currents). Many implementation decisions that are still in use today were made for the first time using the limited emerging technology available 120 years ago. Specific obsolete power grid assumptions and features (like centralized unidirectional electric power transmission, electricity distribution, and demand-driven control) represent a vision of what was thought possible in the 19th century. Part of this is due to an institutional risk aversion that utilities naturally feel regarding use of untested technologies on a critical infrastructure they have been charged with maintaining. The 20th century power grids were originally built out as local grids which, over time, became intertied for economic and reliability purposes. One of the largest engineered systems ever constructed, the mature, interconnected electric grid of the late 1960's became conceived of as "dividing and distributing" electric power, on a bulk basis, from a relatively small number (i.e., ~thousands) of "central plant" generating stations, to major load centers, and from there to a large number of individual consumers, large and small. The nature of generating technologies available over the first three-quarters of the 20th century lent themselves to both notable efficiencies of scale (individual plants of 1000-3000 MW were not uncommon) and to situationally-specific locations (hydroelectric plants at high dams, coal-, gas-, and oil-fired plants near supply lines, nuclear plants near supplies of cooling water, and all of them, for a variety of reasons, as far away from population centers as economically possible). As the electric power industry continued to produce ever more-affordable electric power to an ever-increasing base of customers, by the late 1960's it has reached nearly ever home and business in the developed world. GOALS of the Smart Grid Respond to many conditions in supply and demand Broadly stated, a smart grid could respond to events which occur anywhere in the power generation, distribution and demand chain. Events may occur generally in the environment, e.g., clouds blocking the sun and reducing the amount of solar power or a very hot day requiring increased use of air conditioning. They could occur commercially in the power supply market, e.g., customers change their use of energy as prices are set to reduce energy use during high peak demand. Events might also occur locally on the distribution grid, e.g., an MV transformer fails, requiring a temporary shutdown of one distribution line. Finally these events might occur in the home, e.g., everyone leaves for work, putting various devices into hibernation, and data ceases to flow to an IPTV. Each event motivates a change to power flow. What a smart grid is The function of an Electrical grid is not a single entity but an aggregate of multiple networks and multiple power generation companies with multiple operators employing varying levels of communication and coordination, most of which is manually controlled. Smart grids increase the connectivity, automation and coordination between these suppliers, consumers and networks that perform either long distance transmission or local distribution tasks. • Transmission networks move electricity in bulk over medium to long distances, are actively managed, and generally operate from 345kV to 800kV over AC and DC lines. • Local networks traditionally moved power in one direction, "distributing" the bulk power to consumers and businesses via lines operating at 132kV and lower. This paradigm is changing as businesses and homes begin generating more wind and solar electricity, enabling them to sell surplus energy back to their utilities. Modernization is necessary for energy consumption efficiency, real time management of power flows and to provide the bi-directional metering needed to compensate local producers of power. Although transmission networks are already controlled in real time, many in the US and European countries are antiquated by world standards, and unable to handle modern challenges such as those posed by the intermittent nature of alternative electricity generation, or continental scale bulk energy transmission. In the U.S., excellent planning for expansion by largely regulated utilities in the 1960s and 1970s resulted in the accommodation of substantial growth with relatively little capital investment in the subsequent decades, when the economic pressures and uncertainty brought on by deregulation discouraged previously effective planning and expansion of the grid. Smart grid functions Before examining particular technologies, a proposal can be understood in terms of what it is being required to do. The governments and utilities funding development of grid modernization have defined the functions required for smart grids. According to the United States Department of Energy's Modern Grid Initiative report, a modern smart grid must: 1. Be able to heal itself 2. Motivate consumers to actively participate in operations of the grid 3. Resist attack 4. Provide higher quality power that will save money wasted from outages 5. Accommodate all generation and storage options 6. Enable electricity markets to flourish 7. Run more efficiently 8. Enable higher penetration of intermittent power generation sources
05-10-2012, 11:25 AM
to get information about the topic "smart grid" full report ppt and related topic refer the link bellow
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smartgrid-technology https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smart-power-grid https://seminarproject.net/Thread-techni...smart-grid https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smartgrid-technology https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smart-power-grid https://seminarproject.net/Thread-smartg...9#pid92919
30-01-2013, 09:40 PM
please sent me a technical seminar on smart grid
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